Tinnitus Treatment Report

www.TinnitusTreatmentReport.com

Research

Activity of CaMKIIa+ dorsal cochlear nucleus neurons are crucial for tinnitus perception but not for tinnitus induction [Preprint]

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.04.06.438667v1.full

Activity of CaMKIIa+ dorsal cochlear nucleus neurons are crucial for tinnitus perception but not for tinnitus induction

https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.06.438667

Abstract

The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is a region known to integrate somatosensory and auditory inputs and is identified as a potential key structure in the generation of phantom sound perception, especially noise-induced tinnitus. Yet, how altered homeostatic plasticity of the DCN induces and maintains the sensation of tinnitus is not clear. Here, we chemogenetically decrease activity of a subgroup of DCN neurons, Ca2+/Calmodulin kinase 2α (CaMKIIα) positive DCN neurons, using Gi-coupled human M4 Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (hM4Di DREADDs), to investigate their role in noise-induced tinnitus. Mice were exposed to loud noise (9-11kHz, 90dBSPL, 1h, followed by 2h of silence) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and gap prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (GPIAS) were recorded two days before and two weeks after noise exposure to identify animals with a significantly decreased inhibition of startle, indicating tinnitus but without permanent hearing loss. Neuronal activity of CaMKIIα+ neurons expressing hM4Di in the DCN was lowered by administration of clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). We found that acutely decreasing firing rate of CaMKIIα+ DCN units decrease tinnitus-like responses (p = 0.038, n = 11 mice), compared to the control group that showed no improvement in GPIAS (control virus; CaMKIIα-YFP + CNO, p = 0.696, n = 7 mice). Extracellular recordings confirmed CNO to decrease unit firing frequency of CaMKIIα-hM4Di+ mice and alter best frequency and tuning width of response to sound. However, these effects were not seen if CNO had been previously administered during the noise exposure (n = 6 experimental and 6 control mice). Our results suggest that CaMKIIα-hM4Di positive cells in the DCN are not crucial for tinnitus induction but play a significant role in maintaining tinnitus perception in mice.

What’s the Buzz? The Neuroscience and the Treatment of Tinnitus [Thanos Tzounopoulos]

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
What’s the Buzz? The Neuroscience and the Treatment of Tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
Tinnitus is a pervasive public health issue that affects approximately 15% of the United States population. Similar estimates have also been shown on a global scale, with similar prevalence found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The severity of tinnitus is heterogeneous, ranging from mildly bothersome to extremely disruptive. In the United States, approximately 10-20% of individuals who experience tinnitus report symptoms that severely reduce their quality of life. Due to the huge personal and…

CONTENT:
Physiol Rev. 2021 Mar 26. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00029.2020. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is a pervasive public health issue that affects approximately 15% of the United States population. Similar estimates have also been shown on a global scale, with similar prevalence found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The severity of tinnitus is heterogeneous, ranging from mildly bothersome to extremely disruptive. In the United States, approximately 10-20% of individuals who experience tinnitus report symptoms that severely reduce their quality of life. Due to the huge personal and societal burden, in the last twenty years a concerted effort on basic and clinical research has significantly advanced our understanding and treatment of this disorder. Yet, neither full understanding, nor cure exists. We know that tinnitus is the persistent involuntary phantom percept of internally-generated non-verbal noises and tones, which in most cases is initiated, by acquired hearing loss and maintained only when this loss is coupled with distinct neuronal changes in auditory and extra-auditory brain networks. Yet, the exact mechanisms and patterns of neural activity that are necessary and sufficient for the perceptual generation and maintenance of tinnitus remain incompletely understood. Combinations of animal model and human research will be essential in filling these gaps. Nevertheless, the existing progress in investigating the neurophysiological mechanisms has improved current treatment and highlighted novel targets for drug development and clinical trials. The aim of this review is to thoroughly discuss the current state of human and animal tinnitus research, outline current challenges, and highlight new and exciting research opportunities.

PMID:33769102 | DOI:10.1152/physrev.00029.2020

SOURCE:
Physiological reviews

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-03-26T13:02:58Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-03-26T13:02:58Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Mar 26
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 26 Mar 2021 06:00:00 -0400

DATE – RETRIEVED:
03/26/21 03:50PM
2021-03-26T15:50:44-04:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33769102,doi:10.1152/physrev.00029.2020

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33769102

DOI:
10.1152/physrev.00029.2020

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33769102/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00029.2020

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/10.1152/physrev.00029.2020

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-03-26T15:50:44-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Genome-wide association study suggests that variation at the RCOR1 locus is associated with tinnitus in UK Biobank

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Genome-wide association study suggests that variation at the RCOR1 locus is associated with tinnitus in UK Biobank

DESCRIPTION:
Tinnitus is a prevalent condition in which perception of sound occurs without an external stimulus. It is often associated with pre-existing hearing loss or noise-induced damage to the auditory system. In some individuals it occurs frequently or even continuously and leads to considerable distress and difficulty sleeping. There is little knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in tinnitus which has hindered the development of treatments. Evidence suggests that tinnitus has a heritable…

CONTENT:
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 19;11(1):6470. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85871-6.

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is a prevalent condition in which perception of sound occurs without an external stimulus. It is often associated with pre-existing hearing loss or noise-induced damage to the auditory system. In some individuals it occurs frequently or even continuously and leads to considerable distress and difficulty sleeping. There is little knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in tinnitus which has hindered the development of treatments. Evidence suggests that tinnitus has a heritable component although previous genetic studies have not established specific risk factors. From a total of 172,608 UK Biobank participants who answered questions on tinnitus we performed a case-control genome-wide association study for self-reported tinnitus. Final sample size used in association analysis was N = 91,424. Three variants in close proximity to the RCOR1 gene reached genome wide significance: rs4906228 (p = 1.7E-08), rs4900545 (p = 1.8E-08) and 14:103042287_CT_C (p = 3.50E-08). RCOR1 encodes REST Corepressor 1, a component of a co-repressor complex involved in repressing neuronal gene expression in non-neuronal cells. Eleven other independent genetic loci reached a suggestive significance threshold of p < 1E-06. PMID:33742053 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-85871-6 SOURCE: Scientific reports DATE - PUBLISHED: 2021-03-19T13:06:54Z DATE - DOI: 2021-03-19T13:06:54Z DATE - PUBMED: 2021 Mar 19 DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True DATE - ADDED: Sat, 20 Mar 2021 06:00:00 -0400 DATE - RETRIEVED: 03/20/21 05:25PM 2021-03-20T17:25:35-04:00 IDENTIFIER: pmid:33742053,doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85871-6 PUBMED ID: pubmed:33742053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85871-6 LINK - PUBMED: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33742053/ LINK - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85871-6 LINK - PUBLISHER: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-85871-6 REFERENCES: Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-03-20T17:25:35-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Effectiveness of photobiomodulation in the management of tinnitus remains debatable: A systematic review

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Efficacy of photobiomodulation in the management of tinnitus: A systematic review of randomized control trials

DESCRIPTION:
There is a controversy in regards to the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the management of tinnitus. The aim was to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of PBM (low-level laser therapy) in the management of tinnitus. The focused question was “Is PBM effective in the management of tinnitus?”. Indexed databases were searched up to and including June 2020 using different combinations of the following key words: (a) laser; (b) diode; (c)…

CONTENT:
Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2021 Mar 5:S1879-7296(21)00043-0. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.013. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

There is a controversy in regards to the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the management of tinnitus. The aim was to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of PBM (low-level laser therapy) in the management of tinnitus. The focused question was “Is PBM effective in the management of tinnitus?”. Indexed databases were searched up to and including June 2020 using different combinations of the following key words: (a) laser; (b) diode; (c) low-level laser therapy; (d) photobiomodulation; (e) tinnitus; (f) medium-level laser; (g) photo-biomodulation; and (h) low-power laser; and RCTs performed on humans were included. Letters to the editor; case reports/series; commentaries; experimental studies and historic reviews were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using the modified cochrane collaboration tool. The format of the current systematic review was personalized to summarize the appropriate information. Ten RCTs (2 single-blinded and 8 double-blinded) were included. One study reported 30% and 100% resolution of tinnitus using diode and Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet lasers; respectively. One study reported that PBM was effective in relieving tinnitus for up to 3 months. Eight studies reported that PBM was ineffective in the management of chronic tinnitus. The risk of bias was high; medium and low in 4; 5 and 1 studies; respectively. The effectiveness of PBM in the management of tinnitus remains debatable. Further power-adjusted and well-designed RCTs with long-term follow-up are needed.

PMID:33685826 | DOI:10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.013

SOURCE:
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-03-07T15:51:15Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-03-07T15:51:15Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Mar 5
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Tue, 09 Mar 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
03/09/21 07:23AM
2021-03-09T07:23:35-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33685826,doi:10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.013

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33685826

DOI:
10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.013

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33685826/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.013

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1879729621000430

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-03-09T07:23:35-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Increased Serum Lipid Levels in Patients with Subjective Tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Increased Serum Lipid Levels in Patients with Subjective Tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSION: The results indicated that TC, TRG and LDL levels were significantly higher in tinnitus group and this increase implicates the potential role of hyperlipidemia associated with altered lipid metabolism in the etiology of tinnitus. We suggest that serum lipid levels could be useful and conducive in the diagnosis and prognosis of tinnitus.

CONTENT:
Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan;33(114):31-36. doi: 10.22038/ijorl.2020.43663.2442.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim was to investigate the link between tinnitus and serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TRG), low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the central anatolian Turkish population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective and case-control study included a total of 91 patients with subjective tinnitus and a control group of age- and sex-matched 65 healthy volunteers. A detailed otolaryngologic examination followed by pure tone audiometry, serum lipid values, and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone was performed. The clinical characteristics of tinnitus were registered for all patients. The serum levels of TC, TRG, LDL and HDL were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS: Mean TC level was 200.57±41.06 mg/dL in the patient group and 179.0±39.03 mg/dL in the control group (P=0.001). Mean TRG level was 177.76±86.94 mg/dL in the patient group and 124.43±61.44 mg/dL in the control group (P=0.000). Mean LDL level was 115.88±32.56 mg/dL in the patient group and 101.31±34.42 mg/dL in the control group (P=0.008). Mean HDL level was 50.25±13.60 mg/dL in the patient group and 53.46±12.66 mg/dL in the control group (P=0.137). Among all the serum lipids, TC, TRG and LDL established a significant difference between the two groups.

CONCLUSION: The results indicated that TC, TRG and LDL levels were significantly higher in tinnitus group and this increase implicates the potential role of hyperlipidemia associated with altered lipid metabolism in the etiology of tinnitus. We suggest that serum lipid levels could be useful and conducive in the diagnosis and prognosis of tinnitus.

PMID:33654688 | PMC:PMC7897436 | DOI:10.22038/ijorl.2020.43663.2442

SOURCE:
Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-21T23:07:27Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-21T23:07:27Z
DATE – PUBMED:
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: False

DATE – ADDED:
Wed, 03 Mar 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
03/03/21 08:03AM
2021-03-03T08:03:01-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33654688,pmc:PMC7897436,doi:10.22038/ijorl.2020.43663.2442

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33654688

DOI:
10.22038/ijorl.2020.43663.2442

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33654688/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22038/ijorl.2020.43663.2442

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_17205.html

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-03-03T08:03:01-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

The progression of chronic tinnitus over the years

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
The progression of chronic tinnitus over the years

DESCRIPTION:
Little is known about the trajectory of tinnitus over time. This study addressed (1) how often tinnitus remitted in patients with chronic tinnitus; (2) how subjective reported tinnitus characteristics, such as loudness, laterality, and type and measures of burden, such as tinnitus distress, depression, and quality of life, changes over time; (3) how often tinnitus-specific treatments were undertaken and the prevalence of comorbidities, (4) if the number of treatments and comorbidities were…

CONTENT:
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 18;11(1):4162. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83068-5.

ABSTRACT

Little is known about the trajectory of tinnitus over time. This study addressed (1) how often tinnitus remitted in patients with chronic tinnitus; (2) how subjective reported tinnitus characteristics, such as loudness, laterality, and type and measures of burden, such as tinnitus distress, depression, and quality of life, changes over time; (3) how often tinnitus-specific treatments were undertaken and the prevalence of comorbidities, (4) if the number of treatments and comorbidities were associated to changes in tinnitus distress over time. Data from 388 patients with chronic tinnitus who visited a tertiary tinnitus clinic between 2012 and 2017 were interrogated via a mail survey in 2018. Tinnitus characteristics were measured with the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire and numeric rating scales; tinnitus distress with Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), depression with the Major Depression Inventory and Quality of life with the World Health Organisation Quality of Life BREF at both time points and the clinical global impression scale. Comorbidities experienced and undertaken treatments were assessed with an in-house survey. Three participants (0.8% of the sample) reported tinnitus remission between both assessments. A decrease in the THI and TQ, and numeric ratings for tinnitus severity, annoyance, unpleasantness, and discomfort was observed, but no differences in tinnitus characteristics, depression, quality of life or overall health status. 64% presented at least one comorbidity, and 88% sought at least on tinnitus-specific treatment. Common comorbidities were psychological and sleeping problems, and the most common interventions were going to the dentist, taking medications, and wearing hearing aids. Our results suggest that full remission of tinnitus is a rare condition, that tinnitus distress on average decreases over time, and that tinnitus characteristics, quality of life, and depression tend to remain unaltered. The high number of interventions and comorbidities displayed minimal association to the changes in tinnitus distress, highlighting the substantial and durable burden of tinnitus sufferers.

PMID:33602995 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-83068-5

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-20T09:59:22Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-20T09:59:22Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Feb 18
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 19 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/21/21 02:03PM
2021-02-21T14:03:44-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33602995,doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83068-5

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33602995

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-021-83068-5

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33602995/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83068-5

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83068-5

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-21T14:03:44-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs in Animal Models of Tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs in Animal Models of Tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
Despite the pressing need for effective drug treatments for tinnitus, currently, there is no single drug that is approved by the FDA for this purpose. Instead, a wide range of unproven over-the-counter tinnitus remedies are available on the market with little or no benefit for tinnitus but with potential harm and adverse effects. Animal models of tinnitus have played a critical role in exploring the pathophysiology of tinnitus, identifying therapeutic targets and evaluating novel and existing…

CONTENT:
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2021 Feb 16. doi: 10.1007/7854_2020_212. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Despite the pressing need for effective drug treatments for tinnitus, currently, there is no single drug that is approved by the FDA for this purpose. Instead, a wide range of unproven over-the-counter tinnitus remedies are available on the market with little or no benefit for tinnitus but with potential harm and adverse effects. Animal models of tinnitus have played a critical role in exploring the pathophysiology of tinnitus, identifying therapeutic targets and evaluating novel and existing drugs for tinnitus treatment. This review summarises and compares the studies on pharmacological evaluation of tinnitus treatment in different animal models based on the pharmacological properties of the drug and provides insights into future directions for tinnitus drug discovery.

PMID:33590458 | DOI:10.1007/7854_2020_212

SOURCE:
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-18T21:11:17Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-18T21:11:17Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Feb 16
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Tue, 16 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/19/21 11:29AM
2021-02-19T11:29:00-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33590458,doi:10.1007/7854_2020_212

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33590458

DOI:
10.1007/7854_2020_212

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33590458/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_212

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/7854_2020_212

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-19T11:29:00-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Transient Delivery of a KCNQ2/3-Specific Channel Activator [RL-81] 1 Week After Noise Trauma Mitigates Noise-Induced Tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Transient Delivery of a KCNQ2/3-Specific Channel Activator 1 Week After Noise Trauma Mitigates Noise-Induced Tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
Exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss and tinnitus in mice and humans. In mice, one major underlying mechanism of noise-induced tinnitus is hyperactivity of auditory brainstem neurons, due at least in part, to decreased Kv7.2/3 (KCNQ2/3) potassium channel activity. In our previous studies, we used a reflex-based mouse model of tinnitus and showed that administration of a non-specific KCNQ channel activator, immediately after noise trauma, prevented the development of noise-induced…

CONTENT:
J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2021 Feb 11. doi: 10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Exposure to loud noise can cause hearing loss and tinnitus in mice and humans. In mice, one major underlying mechanism of noise-induced tinnitus is hyperactivity of auditory brainstem neurons, due at least in part, to decreased Kv7.2/3 (KCNQ2/3) potassium channel activity. In our previous studies, we used a reflex-based mouse model of tinnitus and showed that administration of a non-specific KCNQ channel activator, immediately after noise trauma, prevented the development of noise-induced tinnitus, assessed 1 week after trauma. Subsequently, we developed RL-81, a very potent and highly specific activator of KCNQ2/3 channels. Here, to test the timing window within which RL-81 prevents tinnitus in mice, we modified and employed an operant animal model of tinnitus, where mice are trained to move in response to sound but not move in silence. Mice with behavioral evidence of tinnitus are expected to move in silence. We validated this mouse model by testing the effect of salicylate, which is known to induce tinnitus. We found that transient administration of RL-81 1 week after noise exposure did not affect hearing loss but reduced significantly the percentage of mice with behavioral evidence of tinnitus, assessed 2 weeks after noise exposure. Our results indicate that RL-81 is a promising drug candidate for further development for the treatment of noise-induced tinnitus.

PMID:33575914 | DOI:10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3

SOURCE:
Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-11T18:11:11Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-11T18:11:11Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Feb 11
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 12 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/12/21 12:44PM
2021-02-12T12:44:10-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33575914,doi:10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33575914

DOI:
10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33575914/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10162-021-00786-3

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-12T12:44:10-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Using cortical neuron markers to target cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus: new means for treatment of bothersome tinnitus?

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Using cortical neuron markers to target cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus

DESCRIPTION:
The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is a region of particular interest for auditory and tinnitus research. Yet, lack of useful genetic markers for in vivo manipulations hinders elucidation of the DCN contribution to tinnitus pathophysiology. This work assesses whether adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) containing the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 alpha (CaMKIIα) promoter and a mouse line of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 2 subunit (Chrna2)-Cre can target specific DCN…

CONTENT:
eNeuro. 2021 Feb 8:ENEURO.0413-20.2020. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is a region of particular interest for auditory and tinnitus research. Yet, lack of useful genetic markers for in vivo manipulations hinders elucidation of the DCN contribution to tinnitus pathophysiology. This work assesses whether adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) containing the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 alpha (CaMKIIα ) promoter and a mouse line of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 2 subunit (Chrna2)-Cre can target specific DCN populations. We found that CaMKIIα cannot be used to target excitatory fusiform DCN neurons as labelled cells showed diverse morphology indicating they belong to different classes of DCN neurons. Light stimulation after driving Channelrhodopsin2 by the CaMKIIα promoter generated spikes in some units but firing rate decreased when light stimulation coincided with sound. Expression and activation of CaMKIIα -eArchaerhodopsin3.0 in the DCN produced inhibition in some units but sound-driven spikes were delayed by concomitant light stimulation. We explored the existence of Cre+ cells in the DCN of Chrna2-Cre mice by hydrogel embedding technique (CLARITY). There were almost no Cre+ cell bodies in the DCN; however, we identified profuse projections arising from the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Anterograde labeling in the VCN revealed projections to the ipsilateral superior olive and contralateral medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (bushy cells); and a second bundle terminating in the DCN, suggesting the latter to be excitatory Chrna2+ T-stellate cells. Exciting Chrna2+ cells increased DCN firing. This work shows that cortical molecular tools may be useful for manipulating the DCN especially for tinnitus studies.Significance statement Cortical neuron markers could be used to label subcortical regions such as the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) that integrates sound and somatosensory input. Here we examine if excitatory (CaMKIIα ) or inhibitory (Chrna2) neuron markers used in neo/paleo-cortex studies label unique DCN populations. We found CaMKIIα to be expressed by different DCN neuron populations (affecting sound sensitive and nonsensitive neurons). The Chrna2 promoter was specifically expressed in excitatory cells of the ventral cochlear nucleus and could drive indirect activity in the DCN. This study highlights novel ways of regulating DCN neuron activity, which can provide new means for treatment of bothersome tinnitus.

PMID:33563600 | DOI:10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020

SOURCE:
eNeuro

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-09T18:52:33Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-09T18:52:33Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Feb 8
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Wed, 10 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/10/21 11:52AM
2021-02-10T11:52:09-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33563600,doi:10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33563600

DOI:
10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33563600/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://eneuro.org/lookup/doi/10.1523/ENEURO.0413-20.2020

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-10T11:52:09-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Glucose Control Has an Impact on Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Chronic Tinnitus Patients

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Glucose Control Has an Impact on Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Chronic Tinnitus Patients

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSION: Tinnitus affects brain perfusion in the auditory area and DMN. T2DM and uncontrolled glucose levels may aggravate a CBF decrease in tinnitus patients. These new findings implied that tinnitus patients may benefit from blood glucose control in terms of their cognitive function and tinnitus distress.

CONTENT:
Front Neurosci. 2021 Feb 4;14:623520. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.623520. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Both tinnitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are linked with cognitive decline and brain dysfunction. This study used arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF) patterns existed in tinnitus patients and potential relationships between the abnormal CBF and cognitive performance. The impact of T2DM on CBF alterations in tinnitus patients was further explored.

METHODS: Sixty tinnitus patients and 40 non-tinnitus subjects were recruited. CBF images were collected and analyzed using ASL perfusion fMRI. Brain regions with CBF alterations between tinnitus patients and non-tinnitus controls were identified by one-way analysis of variance. Interaction effects between tinnitus and T2DM for CBF changes were also selected. Then, correlation analyses were calculated to specify the link between CBF changes and cognitive performance and between CBF changes and diabetic characteristics.

RESULTS: Tinnitus patients showed decreased CBF, primarily in the auditory area and default mode network (DMN), compared with non-tinnitus controls. Decreased CBF in these regions was correlated with executive function and attention. The interaction effect between tinnitus and T2DM was significant in the right medial prefrontal gyrus. Additionally, CBF in the right medial prefrontal gyrus was correlated with tinnitus distress and cognitive performance. In tinnitus patients, Hemoglobin A1c was associated with CBF in the right medial prefrontal gyrus.

CONCLUSION: Tinnitus affects brain perfusion in the auditory area and DMN. T2DM and uncontrolled glucose levels may aggravate a CBF decrease in tinnitus patients. These new findings implied that tinnitus patients may benefit from blood glucose control in terms of their cognitive function and tinnitus distress.

PMID:33633528 | PMC:PMC7902065 | DOI:10.3389/fnins.2020.623520

SOURCE:
Frontiers in neuroscience

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-02-04T07:33:52Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-02-04T07:33:52Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Feb 4
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 26 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/26/21 07:59AM
2021-02-26T07:59:11-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33633528,pmc:PMC7902065,doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.623520

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33633528

DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2020.623520

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33633528/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.623520

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.623520/full

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-26T07:59:11-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Altering activity in the peripheral nerve may be a viable target for early pharmaceutical intervention in forms of tinnitus originating in the cochlea

Altering activity in the peripheral nerve may be a viable target for early pharmaceutical intervention in forms of tinnitus originating in the cochlea

Salicylate decreases the spontaneous firing rate of guinea pig auditory nerve fibres

Received 2 October 2020, Revised 26 January 2021, Accepted 29 January 2021, Available online 3 February 2021.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394021000835

Spontaneous firing patterns in the medial geniculate nucleus in a guinea pig model of tinnitus

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378595521000241

Spontaneous firing patterns in the medial geniculate nucleus in a guinea pig model of tinnitus

Highlights

– The thalamus may play an important role in tinnitus generation.
– Patterns of neural activity were investigated in animals with and without tinnitus.
– Tinnitus leads to increased spontaneous firing but no change in burst firing.
– This supports theory of dysfunctional sensory gating in tinnitus.

The BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism regulates vulnerability to chronic stress and phantom perception

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
The BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism regulates vulnerability to chronic stress and phantom perception

DESCRIPTION:
Auditory phantom percepts, such as tinnitus, are a heterogeneous condition with great interindividual variations regarding both the percept itself and its concomitants. Tinnitus causes a considerable amount of distress, with as many as 25% of affected people reporting that it interferes with their daily lives. Although previous research gives an idea about the neural correlates of tinnitus-related distress, it cannot explain why some tinnitus patients develop distress and while others are not…

CONTENT:
Prog Brain Res. 2021;260:301-326. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.005. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

ABSTRACT

Auditory phantom percepts, such as tinnitus, are a heterogeneous condition with great interindividual variations regarding both the percept itself and its concomitants. Tinnitus causes a considerable amount of distress, with as many as 25% of affected people reporting that it interferes with their daily lives. Although previous research gives an idea about the neural correlates of tinnitus-related distress, it cannot explain why some tinnitus patients develop distress and while others are not bothered by their tinnitus. BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism (rs6265) is a known risk factor for affective disorders due to its common frequency and established functionality. To elucidate, we explore the neural activation pattern of tinnitus associated with the BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism using electrophysiological data to assess activity and connectivity changes. A total of 110 participants (55 tinnitus and 55 matched control subjects) were included. In this study, we validate that the BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism plays an important role in the susceptibility to the clinical manifestation of tinnitus-related distress. We demonstrate that Val/Met carriers have increased alpha power in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex that correlates with distress levels. Furthermore, distress mediates the relationship between BDNF Val66 Met polymorphism and tinnitus loudness. In other words, for Val/Met carriers, the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex sends distress-related information to the parahippocampus, which likely integrates the loudness and distress of the tinnitus percept.

PMID:33637225 | DOI:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.005

SOURCE:
Progress in brain research

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-01-22T09:14:30Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-01-22T09:14:30Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Jan 22
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Sat, 27 Feb 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
02/27/21 08:23AM
2021-02-27T08:23:52-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33637225,doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.005

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33637225

DOI:
10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.005

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33637225/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.08.005

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S007961232030131X

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-02-27T08:23:52-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Noise Exposure Alters Glutamatergic and GABAergic Synaptic Connectivity in the Hippocampus and Its Relevance to Tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Noise Exposure Alters Glutamatergic and GABAergic Synaptic Connectivity in the Hippocampus and Its Relevance to Tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
Accumulating evidence implicates a role for brain structures outside the ascending auditory pathway in tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound. In addition to other factors such as age-dependent hearing loss, high-level sound exposure is a prominent cause of tinnitus. Here, we examined how noise exposure altered the distribution of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs in the guinea pig hippocampus and determined whether these changes were associated with tinnitus. In experiment one,…

CONTENT:
Neural Plast. 2021 Jan 14;2021:8833087. doi: 10.1155/2021/8833087. eCollection 2021.

ABSTRACT

Accumulating evidence implicates a role for brain structures outside the ascending auditory pathway in tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound. In addition to other factors such as age-dependent hearing loss, high-level sound exposure is a prominent cause of tinnitus. Here, we examined how noise exposure altered the distribution of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs in the guinea pig hippocampus and determined whether these changes were associated with tinnitus. In experiment one, guinea pigs were overexposed to unilateral narrow-band noise (98 dB SPL, 2 h). Two weeks later, the density of excitatory (VGLUT-1/2) and inhibitory (VGAT) synaptic terminals in CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus hippocampal subregions was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Overall, VGLUT-1 density primarily increased, while VGAT density decreased significantly in many regions. Then, to assess whether the noise-induced alterations were persistent and related to tinnitus, experiment two utilized a noise-exposure paradigm shown to induce tinnitus and assessed tinnitus development which was assessed using gap-prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS). Twelve weeks after sound overexposure, changes in excitatory synaptic terminal density had largely recovered regardless of tinnitus status, but the recovery of GABAergic terminal density was dramatically different in animals expressing tinnitus relative to animals resistant to tinnitus. In resistant animals, inhibitory synapse density recovered to preexposure levels, but in animals expressing tinnitus, inhibitory synapse density remained chronically diminished. Taken together, our results suggest that noise exposure induces striking changes in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs throughout the hippocampus and reveal a potential role for rebounding inhibition in the hippocampus as a protective factor leading to tinnitus resilience.

PMID:33510780 | PMC:PMC7822664 | DOI:10.1155/2021/8833087

SOURCE:
Neural plasticity

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2021-01-16T00:50:09Z

DATE – DOI: 2021-01-16T00:50:09Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2021 Jan 14
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 29 Jan 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
01/29/21 07:02AM
2021-01-29T07:02:51-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33510780,pmc:PMC7822664,doi:10.1155/2021/8833087

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33510780

DOI:
10.1155/2021/8833087

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33510780/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8833087

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2021/8833087/

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-01-29T07:02:51-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Towards personalized rTMS in tinnitus: reliability of individualized stimulation protocols in behavioral and electrophysiological responses [Preprint]

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.11.21249600v1.full-text

Towards personalized rTMS in tinnitus: reliability of individualized stimulation protocols in behavioral and electrophysiological responses
View ORCID ProfileStefan Schoisswohl, View ORCID ProfileBerthold Langguth, View ORCID ProfileTobias Hebel, Mohamed A. Abdelnaim, View ORCID ProfileGregor Volberg, View ORCID ProfileMartin Schecklmann
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.11.21249600
This article is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.

Electrophysiological assessment and pharmacological treatment of blast-induced tinnitus

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0243903

Electrophysiological assessment and pharmacological treatment of blast-induced tinnitus
Jianzhong Lu,Matthew B. West,Xiaoping Du,Qunfeng Cai,Donald L. Ewert,Weihua Cheng,Don Nakmali,Wei Li,Xiangping Huang,Richard D. Kopke
Published: January 7, 2021https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243903

Low-Level Laser Therapy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Patients With Tinnitus: Not Yet Proven

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Patients With Tinnitus: A Systematic Review

DESCRIPTION:
Purpose This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the severity of tinnitus when compared to no therapy or other modalities of therapies. Method A systematic review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the Registration Number CRD42019119376. A search was performed in each of the following databases: EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and…

CONTENT:
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2020 Dec 29:1-20. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Purpose This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the severity of tinnitus when compared to no therapy or other modalities of therapies. Method A systematic review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the Registration Number CRD42019119376. A search was performed in each of the following databases: EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies in adults over 16 years of age, randomized clinical trials in which subjects presented chronic (≥ 6 months) and subjective tinnitus (unilateral or bilateral) as well as with or without bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and studies that used only LLLT for treatment of tinnitus compared to no-therapy group or other modalities of therapy. No language or time restrictions were stipulated. The references were managed by Endnote Web and Rayyan QCRI. Results After the screening process, seven studies remained that attained the eligibility criteria. Regarding the risk of bias, only one study was categorized as low risk of bias; the six remaining studies were classified as moderate risk of bias. The seven included studies mainly assessed the LLLT effects on tinnitus by Visual Analogue Scale, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, pitch and loudness matching, minimum masking level, and pure-tone audiometry. All the seven selected studies found different degrees of significant results regarding tinnitus severity; however, there was no consensus among the results. Conclusion Even though the LLLT showed positive effects in the tinnitus severity in some studies, it is not possible yet to make any recommendation over its uses for the treatment of tinnitus severity.

PMID:33375822 | DOI:10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066

SOURCE:
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-12-30T02:46:47Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-12-30T02:46:47Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Dec 29
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Wed, 30 Dec 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
12/30/20 11:58AM
2020-12-30T11:58:50-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33375822,doi:10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33375822

DOI:
10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33375822/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00066

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-12-30T11:58:50-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

ATP-sensitive K+ channels control the spontaneous firing of a glycinergic interneuron in the auditory brainstem

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
ATP-sensitive K+ channels control the spontaneous firing of a glycinergic interneuron in the auditory brainstem

DESCRIPTION:
KEY POINTS: Cartwheel neurons provide potent inhibition to fusiform neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). Most cartwheel neurons fire action potentials spontaneously, but the ion channels responsible for this intrinsic activity are unknown. We investigated the ion channels responsible for the intrinsic firing of cartwheel neurons and the stable resting membrane potential found in a fraction of these neurons (quiet neurons) Among the ion channels controlling membrane potential of…

CONTENT:
J Physiol. 2020 Dec 28. doi: 10.1113/JP280233. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

KEY POINTS: Cartwheel neurons provide potent inhibition to fusiform neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). Most cartwheel neurons fire action potentials spontaneously, but the ion channels responsible for this intrinsic activity are unknown. We investigated the ion channels responsible for the intrinsic firing of cartwheel neurons and the stable resting membrane potential found in a fraction of these neurons (quiet neurons) Among the ion channels controlling membrane potential of cartwheel neurons, the presence of open ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP ) is responsible for the existence of quiet neurons. Our results pinpoint KATP channel modulation as a critical factor controlling the firing of cartwheel neurons. Hence, it is a crucial channel influencing the balance of excitation and inhibition in the DCN.

ABSTRACT: Cartwheel neurons from the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) are glycinergic interneurons and the primary source of inhibition on the fusiform neurons, DCN’s principal excitatory neuron. Most cartwheel neurons present spontaneous firing (active neurons), producing a steady inhibitory tone on fusiform neurons. In contrast, a small fraction of these neurons do not fire spontaneously (quiet neurons). Hyperactivity of fusiform neurons is seen in animals with behavioral evidence of tinnitus. Because of its relevance in controlling the excitability of fusiform neurons, we investigated the ion channels responsible for the spontaneous firing of cartwheel neurons in DCN slices from rats. We found that quiet neurons presented an outward conductance not seen in active neurons, which generates a stable resting potential. This current was sensitive to tolbutamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP ) antagonist. After inhibition with tolbutamide, quiet neurons start to fire spontaneously, while the active neurons were not affected. On the other hand, in active neurons, KATP agonist diazoxide activated a conductance similar to quiet neurons’ KATP conductance and stopped spontaneous firing. According to the effect of KATP channels on CW neuron firing, glycinergic neurotransmission in DCN was increased by tolbutamide and decreased by diazoxide. Our results reveal a role of KATP channels in controlling the spontaneous firing of neurons not involved in fuel homeostasis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID:33369743 | DOI:10.1113/JP280233

SOURCE:
The Journal of physiology

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-12-28T20:55:32Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-12-28T20:55:32Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Dec 28
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Mon, 28 Dec 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
12/29/20 12:19AM
2020-12-29T00:19:56-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33369743,doi:10.1113/JP280233

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33369743

DOI:
10.1113/JP280233

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33369743/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1113/JP280233

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/JP280233

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-12-29T00:19:56-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of late auditory evoked potentials as a candidate biomarker in the assessment of tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of late auditory evoked potentials as a candidate biomarker in the assessment of tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
Subjective tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of any sound source, is routinely assessed using questionnaires. The subjective nature of these tools hampers objective evaluation of tinnitus presence, severity and treatment effects. Late auditory evoked potentials (LAEPs) might be considered as a potential biomarker for assessing tinnitus complaints. Using a multivariate meta-analytic model including data from twenty-one studies, we determined the LAEP components differing…

CONTENT:
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 17;15(12):e0243785. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243785. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

Subjective tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of any sound source, is routinely assessed using questionnaires. The subjective nature of these tools hampers objective evaluation of tinnitus presence, severity and treatment effects. Late auditory evoked potentials (LAEPs) might be considered as a potential biomarker for assessing tinnitus complaints. Using a multivariate meta-analytic model including data from twenty-one studies, we determined the LAEP components differing systematically between tinnitus patients and controls. Results from this model indicate that amplitude of the P300 component is lower in tinnitus patients (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.83, p < 0.01), while latency of this component is abnormally prolonged in this population (SMD = 0.97, p < 0.01). No other investigated LAEP components were found to differ between tinnitus and non-tinnitus subjects. Additional sensitivity analyses regarding differences in experimental conditions confirmed the robustness of these results. Differences in age and hearing levels between the two experimental groups might have a considerable impact on LAEP outcomes and should be carefully considered in future studies. Although we established consistent differences in the P300 component between tinnitus patients and controls, we could not identify any evidence that this component might covary with tinnitus severity. We conclude that out of several commonly assessed LAEP components, only the P300 can be considered as a potential biomarker for subjective tinnitus, although more research is needed to determine its relationship with subjective tinnitus measures. Future trials investigating experimental tinnitus therapies should consider including P300 measurements in the evaluation of treatment effect. PMID:33332414 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0243785 SOURCE: PloS one DATE - PUBLISHED: 2020-12-17T19:56:22Z DATE - DOI: 2020-12-17T19:56:22Z DATE - PUBMED: 2020 Dec 17 DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True DATE - ADDED: Thu, 17 Dec 2020 06:00:00 -0500 DATE - RETRIEVED: 12/17/20 06:44PM 2020-12-17T18:44:08-05:00 IDENTIFIER: pmid:33332414,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243785 PUBMED ID: pubmed:33332414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243785 LINK - PUBMED: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33332414/ LINK - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243785 LINK - PUBLISHER: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243785 REFERENCES: Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-12-17T18:44:08-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Gray matter declines with age and hearing loss, but is partially maintained in tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Gray matter declines with age and hearing loss, but is partially maintained in tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
The impact of age-related hearing loss extends beyond the auditory pathway and impacts brain areas related to cognitive impairment and even dementia. The presence of tinnitus, a sensation of sound that frequently co-occurs with hearing loss, is additionally linked to cognitive decline. Interestingly, structural neuroimaging studies have reported that hearing loss may precede or modulate the onset of cognitive impairment. In this study, we aimed to disentangle the effects of age, hearing loss,…

CONTENT:
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 11;10(1):21801. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78571-0.

ABSTRACT

The impact of age-related hearing loss extends beyond the auditory pathway and impacts brain areas related to cognitive impairment and even dementia. The presence of tinnitus, a sensation of sound that frequently co-occurs with hearing loss, is additionally linked to cognitive decline. Interestingly, structural neuroimaging studies have reported that hearing loss may precede or modulate the onset of cognitive impairment. In this study, we aimed to disentangle the effects of age, hearing loss, and tinnitus on gray matter structure. In total, 39 participants with hearing loss and tinnitus, 21 with hearing loss but without tinnitus, and 39 controls were included in this voxel- and surface-based morphometry MRI study. Whole brain volume and surface thickness measures were compared between the groups. Age-related gray matter volume decline was observed in all groups. Several brain areas showed smaller gray matter volume and cortical surface thickness in hearing loss without tinnitus, relative to controls. This reduction was observed both within and outside of the auditory pathway. Interestingly, these reductions were not observed in participants with tinnitus, who had similar hearing loss and were of similar age. Since we have tools to improve hearing loss, hearing screening may aid in the battle against cognitive decline.

PMID:33311548 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-78571-0

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-12-11T12:06:06Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-12-11T12:06:06Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Dec 11
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Mon, 14 Dec 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
12/15/20 01:37AM
2020-12-15T01:37:27-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33311548,doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78571-0

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33311548

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-78571-0

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33311548/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78571-0

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-78571-0

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-12-15T01:37:27-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Purinergic signaling controls spontaneous activity in the auditory system throughout early development

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2020/12/09/JNEUROSCI.2178-20.2020

Purinergic signaling controls spontaneous activity in the auditory system throughout early development
Travis A. Babola, Sally Li, Zhirong Wang, Calvin J. Kersbergen, Ana Belén Elgoyhen, Thomas M. Coate and Dwight E. Bergles
Journal of Neuroscience 10 December 2020, JN-RM-2178-20; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2178-20.2020

Tinnitus and auditory cortex: using adapted functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure resting-state functional connectivity

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Tinnitus and auditory cortex: using adapted functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure resting-state functional connectivity

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSION: While many areas for the adapted probes did not reach significance, these data using a highly innovative and newly created probe adapting fNIRS technology to the EAC substantiates our previously published data in human tinnitus and concurrently validates this technology as a useful and expanded brain imaging modality.

CONTENT:
Neuroreport. 2020 Nov 27. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Tinnitus, phantom sound perception, arises from aberrant brain activity within auditory cortex. In tinnitus animal models, auditory cortex neurons show increased spontaneous firing and neural synchrony. In humans, similar hyperactivation in auditory cortex has been displayed with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) or increased connectivity between brain regions has also been shown in tinnitus using fNIRS. However, current fNIRS technology utilizes infrared (IR)-sources and IR-detectors placed on the scalp that restricts (~3 cm depth IR penetration) signal capture to outer cerebral cortex due to skin and skull bone. To overcome this limitation, in this proof of concept study, we adapted fNIRS probes to fit in the external auditory canal (EAC) to physically place IR-probes deeper within the skull thereby extracting neural signals from deeper auditory cortex.

METHODS: Twenty adults with tinnitus and 20 nontinnitus controls listened to periods of silence and broadband noise before and after 5 min of silence to calculate RSFC. Concurrent scalp probes over auditory cortex and an adapted probe placed in the right EAC were utilized.

RESULTS: For standard probes, left and right auditory cortex in tinnitus showed increased RSFC to each other and to other nonauditory cortices. Interestingly, adapted fNIRS probes showed trends toward increased RSFC.

CONCLUSION: While many areas for the adapted probes did not reach significance, these data using a highly innovative and newly created probe adapting fNIRS technology to the EAC substantiates our previously published data in human tinnitus and concurrently validates this technology as a useful and expanded brain imaging modality.

PMID:33252478 | DOI:10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561

SOURCE:
Neuroreport

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-30T19:37:58Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-30T19:37:58Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 27
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Mon, 30 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/30/20 03:14PM
2020-11-30T15:14:28-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33252478,doi:10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33252478

DOI:
10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252478/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/WNR.0000000000001561

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-30T15:14:28-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Switching Tinnitus-On: Maps and source localization of spontaneous EEG

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Switching Tinnitus-On: Maps and source localization of spontaneous EEG

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of new delta, theta and gamma band sources in the inferior temporal gyrus (BA 20), middle temporal gyrus (BA 21) and lateral perirhinal cortex (BA 36) plus the appearance of new delta and theta sources in the ventral entorhinal cortex (BA28) and anterior pole of the temporal lobe (BA 38) may comprise a network capable of evoking the phantom sound of tinnitus by simultaneously engaging brain regions involved in memory, sound recognition, and distress which together…

CONTENT:
Clin Neurophysiol. 2020 Nov 23;132(2):345-357. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.023. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the spectrotemporal changes and sources in patients that could “turn on” tinnitus with multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) system.

METHODS: Multichannel EEG was recorded from six patients during the Tinnitus-On and Tinnitus-Off states. The EEG power spectrum and eLORETA-based sources were measured.

RESULTS: There was a global increase in delta and theta during Tinnitus-On plus large changes in alpha 1 and alpha 2. During the Tinnitus-On state, many new sources in delta, theta, alpha 1 and gamma bands emerged in the opposite hemisphere in the inferior temporal gyrus (Brodmann area, BA 20), middle temporal gyrus (BA 21), lateral perirhinal cortex (BA 36), ventral entorhinal cortex (BA 28) and anterior pole of the temporal gyrus (BA 38).

CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of new delta, theta and gamma band sources in the inferior temporal gyrus (BA 20), middle temporal gyrus (BA 21) and lateral perirhinal cortex (BA 36) plus the appearance of new delta and theta sources in the ventral entorhinal cortex (BA28) and anterior pole of the temporal lobe (BA 38) may comprise a network capable of evoking the phantom sound of tinnitus by simultaneously engaging brain regions involved in memory, sound recognition, and distress which together contribute to tinnitus severity.

SIGNIFICANCE: The sudden appearance of new sources of activity in the opposite hemisphere within the inferior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and perirhinal cortex may initiate the perception of tinnitus perception.

PMID:33450557 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.023

SOURCE:
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-23T17:15:55Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-23T17:15:55Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 23
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 15 Jan 2021 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
01/16/21 01:04AM
2021-01-16T01:04:05-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33450557,doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.023

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33450557

DOI:
10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.023

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33450557/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.023

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388245720305575

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2021-01-16T01:04:05-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Cannabinoids, Inner Ear, Hearing, and Tinnitus: A Neuroimmunological Perspective

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Cannabinoids, Inner Ear, Hearing, and Tinnitus: A Neuroimmunological Perspective

DESCRIPTION:
Cannabis has been used for centuries for recreational and therapeutic purposes. Whereas, the recreative uses are based on the psychotropic effect of some of its compounds, its therapeutic effects range over a wide spectrum of actions, most of which target the brain or the immune system. Several studies have found cannabinoid receptors in the auditory system, both at peripheral and central levels, thus raising the interest in cannabinoid signaling in hearing, and especially in tinnitus, which is…

CONTENT:
Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 23;11:505995. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.505995. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

Cannabis has been used for centuries for recreational and therapeutic purposes. Whereas, the recreative uses are based on the psychotropic effect of some of its compounds, its therapeutic effects range over a wide spectrum of actions, most of which target the brain or the immune system. Several studies have found cannabinoid receptors in the auditory system, both at peripheral and central levels, thus raising the interest in cannabinoid signaling in hearing, and especially in tinnitus, which is affected also by anxiety, memory, and attention circuits where cannabinoid effects are well described. Available studies on animal models of tinnitus suggest that cannabinoids are not likely to be helpful in tinnitus treatment and could even be harmful. However, the pharmacology of cannabinoids is very complex, and most studies focused on neural CB1R-based responses. Cannabinoid effects on the immune system (where CB2Rs predominate) are increasingly recognized as essential in understanding nervous system pathological responses, and data on immune cannabinoid targets have emerged in the auditory system as well. In addition, nonclassical cannabinoid targets (such as TRP channels) appear to play an important role in the auditory system as well. This review will focus on neuroimmunological mechanisms for cannabinoid effects and their possible use as protective and therapeutic agents in the ear and auditory system, especially in tinnitus.

PMID:33329293 | PMC:PMC7719758 | DOI:10.3389/fneur.2020.505995

SOURCE:
Frontiers in neurology

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-23T06:22:31Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-23T06:22:31Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 23
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Thu, 17 Dec 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
12/17/20 01:41PM
2020-12-17T13:41:18-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33329293,pmc:PMC7719758,doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.505995

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33329293

DOI:
10.3389/fneur.2020.505995

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33329293/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.505995

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.505995/full

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-12-17T13:41:18-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Objective measurement of tinnitus using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Objective measurement of tinnitus using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning

DESCRIPTION:
Chronic tinnitus is a debilitating condition which affects 10-20% of adults and can severely impact their quality of life. Currently there is no objective measure of tinnitus that can be used clinically. Clinical assessment of the condition uses subjective feedback from individuals which is not always reliable. We investigated the sensitivity of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to differentiate individuals with and without tinnitus and to identify fNIRS features associated with…

CONTENT:
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 18;15(11):e0241695. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241695. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

Chronic tinnitus is a debilitating condition which affects 10-20% of adults and can severely impact their quality of life. Currently there is no objective measure of tinnitus that can be used clinically. Clinical assessment of the condition uses subjective feedback from individuals which is not always reliable. We investigated the sensitivity of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to differentiate individuals with and without tinnitus and to identify fNIRS features associated with subjective ratings of tinnitus severity. We recorded fNIRS signals in the resting state and in response to auditory or visual stimuli from 25 individuals with chronic tinnitus and 21 controls matched for age and hearing loss. Severity of tinnitus was rated using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and subjective ratings of tinnitus loudness and annoyance were measured on a visual analogue scale. Following statistical group comparisons, machine learning methods including feature extraction and classification were applied to the fNIRS features to classify patients with tinnitus and controls and differentiate tinnitus at different severity levels. Resting state measures of connectivity between temporal regions and frontal and occipital regions were significantly higher in patients with tinnitus compared to controls. In the tinnitus group, temporal-occipital connectivity showed a significant increase with subject ratings of loudness. Also in this group, both visual and auditory evoked responses were significantly reduced in the visual and auditory regions of interest respectively. Naïve Bayes classifiers were able to classify patients with tinnitus from controls with an accuracy of 78.3%. An accuracy of 87.32% was achieved using Neural Networks to differentiate patients with slight/ mild versus moderate/ severe tinnitus. Our findings show the feasibility of using fNIRS and machine learning to develop an objective measure of tinnitus. Such a measure would greatly benefit clinicians and patients by providing a tool to objectively assess new treatments and patients’ treatment progress.

PMID:33206675 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0241695

SOURCE:
PloS one

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-18T18:26:43Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-18T18:26:43Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 18
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Wed, 18 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/18/20 06:49PM
2020-11-18T18:49:54-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33206675,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241695

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33206675

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0241695

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33206675/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241695

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241695

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-18T18:49:54-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Tinnitus impairs segregation of competing speech in normal-hearing listeners

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Tinnitus impairs segregation of competing speech in normal-hearing listeners

DESCRIPTION:
Many tinnitus patients report difficulties understanding speech in noise or competing talkers, despite having “normal” hearing in terms of audiometric thresholds. The interference caused by tinnitus is more likely central in origin. Release from informational masking (more central in origin) produced by competing speech may further illuminate central interference due to tinnitus. In the present study, masked speech understanding was measured in normal hearing listeners with or without tinnitus….

CONTENT:
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 16;10(1):19851. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76942-1.

ABSTRACT

Many tinnitus patients report difficulties understanding speech in noise or competing talkers, despite having “normal” hearing in terms of audiometric thresholds. The interference caused by tinnitus is more likely central in origin. Release from informational masking (more central in origin) produced by competing speech may further illuminate central interference due to tinnitus. In the present study, masked speech understanding was measured in normal hearing listeners with or without tinnitus. Speech recognition thresholds were measured for target speech in the presence of multi-talker babble or competing speech. For competing speech, speech recognition thresholds were measured for different cue conditions (i.e., with and without target-masker sex differences and/or with and without spatial cues). The present data suggest that tinnitus negatively affected masked speech recognition even in individuals with no measurable hearing loss. Tinnitus severity appeared to especially limit listeners’ ability to segregate competing speech using talker sex differences. The data suggest that increased informational masking via lexical interference may tax tinnitus patients’ central auditory processing resources.

PMID:33199782 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-76942-1

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-16T11:14:10Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-16T11:14:10Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 16
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Tue, 17 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/17/20 12:27PM
2020-11-17T12:27:23-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33199782,doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76942-1

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33199782

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-76942-1

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33199782/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76942-1

LINK – PUBLISHER:
http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76942-1

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-17T12:27:23-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Increased central gain caused by reduced auditory input is a major mechanism of tinnitus but may originate from other pathophysiologic factors rather than from cochlear synaptopathy

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Within-Subject Comparisons of the Auditory Brainstem Response and Uncomfortable Loudness Levels in Ears With and Without Tinnitus in Unilateral Tinnitus Subjects With Normal Audiograms

EDITED TITLE:
Increased central gain caused by reduced auditory input is a major mechanism of tinnitus but may originate from other pathophysiologic factors rather than from cochlear synaptopathy

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSION: Based on these results for UCL, increased central gain is a major mechanism of tinnitus in humans with normal audiograms. However, this compensatory mechanism for reduced auditory input may originate from other pathophysiologic factors rather than from cochlear synaptopathy.

CONTENT:
Otol Neurotol. 2020 Nov 10. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether cochlear synaptopathy is a common pathophysiologic cause of tinnitus in individuals with normal audiograms.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study.

SETTING: Tertiary referral center.

METHODS: We enrolled 27 subjects with unilateral tinnitus and normal symmetric hearing thresholds, and 27 age- and sex-matched control subjects with normal symmetric hearing thresholds. We measured 1) the amplitudes of waves I and V with 90 dB nHL click stimuli in quiet conditions; 2) the latency shift of wave V with 80 dB nHL click stimuli in background noise, varying from 40 dB HL to 70 dB HL; and 3) uncomfortable loudness levels (UCLs) at 500 Hz and 3000 Hz pure tones.

RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the wave V/I amplitude ratio or the latency shift in wave V with increasing noise levels among the tinnitus ears (TEs), nontinnitus ears (NTEs), and control ears. There were no significant differences in UCLs at 500 Hz or 3000 Hz between TEs and NTEs, but the UCLs were lower in TEs (mean 111.3 dB or 104.1 dB) and NTEs (mean 109.4 dB or 100.6 dB) than in control ears (mean 117.9 dB or 114.1 dB, p < 0.017). No subject met our criteria for cochlear synaptopathy or increased central gain in terms of all three parameters. CONCLUSION: Based on these results for UCL, increased central gain is a major mechanism of tinnitus in humans with normal audiograms. However, this compensatory mechanism for reduced auditory input may originate from other pathophysiologic factors rather than from cochlear synaptopathy. PMID:33177407 | DOI:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867 SOURCE: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology DATE - PUBLISHED: 2020-11-11T19:59:34Z DATE - DOI: 2020-11-11T19:59:34Z DATE - PUBMED: 2020 Nov 10 DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True DATE - ADDED: Thu, 12 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500 DATE - RETRIEVED: 11/12/20 06:38AM 2020-11-12T06:38:14-05:00 IDENTIFIER: pmid:33177407,doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867 PUBMED ID: pubmed:33177407 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867 LINK - PUBMED: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33177407/ LINK - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867 LINK - PUBLISHER: https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002867 REFERENCES: Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-12T06:38:14-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Tinnitus Symptoms Improve With Sound and Tongue Stimulation

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Tinnitus Symptoms Improve With Sound and Tongue Stimulation

DESCRIPTION:
No abstract

CONTENT:
JAMA. 2020 Nov 10;324(18):1818. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.21628.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:33170224 | DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.21628

SOURCE:
JAMA

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-10T20:47:34Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-10T20:47:34Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 10
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Tue, 10 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/10/20 08:01PM
2020-11-10T20:01:46-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33170224,doi:10.1001/jama.2020.21628

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33170224

DOI:
10.1001/jama.2020.21628

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33170224/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.21628

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2772741

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-10T20:01:46-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

What Makes Tinnitus Loud?

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
What Makes Tinnitus Loud?

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSION: The matched tinnitus loudness and MML values were influenced principally by the extent of hearing loss and related factors, suggesting that rehabilitation using hearing aids could help reduce perception of tinnitus loudness. A psycho-emotional approach might more effectively lessen self-perceived loudness.

CONTENT:
Otol Neurotol. 2020 Nov 6. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus loudness is a subjective measure, and it does not directly reflect either tinnitus severity or the impact on daily life. Nevertheless, loud tinnitus may be the most frequent clinical complaint of tinnitus patients. Factors contributing to the loudness of the phantom sound have rarely been studied. We evaluated both matched and self-rated loudness in a large sample of patients with tinnitus and analyzed the influencing factors among demographic, hearing, and tinnitus characteristics.

METHODS: Two hundred ninety-nine patients with chronic tinnitus were enrolled. We evaluated the matched loudness, minimal masking level (MML), and visual analog scale (VAS) loudness. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed for each loudness measure using independent variables of age, sex, time since tinnitus onset, tinnitus laterality, pure-tone average, tinnitus pitch, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) score, VAS annoyance, disturbance and daily tinnitus duration, and depression score. We calculated bivariate correlations between each loudness measure and all independent variables.

RESULTS: The psychoacoustic loudness measures (matched loudness and MML) were highly correlated and were affected by the hearing deficit and tinnitus pitch (Pearson r > 0.5 for pure tone averages, and r > 0.3 for tinnitus pitch for both variables, p < 0.05), whereas the subjective measurement (VAS loudness) exhibited little to no correlation with the other two measures and was related to psycho-emotional factors such as the THI score, VAS variables, and depression (Pearson r > 0.6 for VAS annoyance, r > 0.4 for VAS daily duration and disturbance and THI score, r > 0.3 for the depression score, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The matched tinnitus loudness and MML values were influenced principally by the extent of hearing loss and related factors, suggesting that rehabilitation using hearing aids could help reduce perception of tinnitus loudness. A psycho-emotional approach might more effectively lessen self-perceived loudness. PMID:33165158 | DOI:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932 SOURCE: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology DATE - PUBLISHED: 2020-11-08T23:02:00Z DATE - DOI: 2020-11-08T23:02:00Z DATE - PUBMED: 2020 Nov 6 DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True DATE - ADDED: Mon, 09 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500 DATE - RETRIEVED: 11/10/20 12:41AM 2020-11-10T00:41:45-05:00 IDENTIFIER: pmid:33165158,doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932 PUBMED ID: pubmed:33165158 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932 LINK - PUBMED: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33165158/ LINK - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932 LINK - PUBLISHER: https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002932 REFERENCES: Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-10T00:41:45-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Effect of age on the gap-prepulse inhibition of the cortical N1-P2 complex in humans as a step towards an objective measure of tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Effect of age on the gap-prepulse inhibition of the cortical N1-P2 complex in humans as a step towards an objective measure of tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
The gap-prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex has been widely used as a behavioral method for tinnitus screening in animal studies. The cortical-evoked potential gap-induced inhibition has also been investigated in animals as well as in human subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the cortical N1-P2 complex in the gap-prepulse inhibition paradigm. Fifty-seven subjects, aged 20 to 68 years, without continuous tinnitus, were tested with two effective gap…

CONTENT:
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 5;15(11):e0241136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241136. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

The gap-prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex has been widely used as a behavioral method for tinnitus screening in animal studies. The cortical-evoked potential gap-induced inhibition has also been investigated in animals as well as in human subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the cortical N1-P2 complex in the gap-prepulse inhibition paradigm. Fifty-seven subjects, aged 20 to 68 years, without continuous tinnitus, were tested with two effective gap conditions (embedded gap of 50- or 20-ms duration). Retest sessions were performed within one month. A significant gap-induced inhibition of the N1-P2 complex was found in both gap durations. Age differently affected the inhibition, depending on gap duration. With a 50-ms gap, the inhibition decreased significantly with the increase in age. This age-inhibition relationship was not found when using a 20-ms gap. The results were reproducible in the retest session. Our findings suggest that the interaction between age and gap duration should be considered when applying the gap-induced inhibition of the cortical-evoked potential as an objective measure of tinnitus in human subjects. Further studies with tinnitus patients are warranted to identify gap duration that would minimize the effects of age and maximize the difference in the inhibition between those with and without tinnitus.

PMID:33152745 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0241136

SOURCE:
PloS one

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-05T18:37:20Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-05T18:37:20Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 5
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Thu, 05 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/06/20 06:06AM
2020-11-06T06:06:54-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33152745,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241136

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33152745

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0241136

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33152745/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241136

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241136

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-06T06:06:54-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Does the tinnitus pitch correlate with the frequency of hearing loss?

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Does the tinnitus pitch correlate with the frequency of hearing loss?

DESCRIPTION:
CONCLUSIONS: The tinnitus pitch fell within the HL area, and was mildly associated with F50.

CONTENT:
Acta Otolaryngol. 2020 Nov 4:1-8. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The tonotopic model of tinnitus claims that the tinnitus pitch corresponds to the audiometric edge; the homeostatic model suggests that it falls within the hearing loss (HL) area. The existing evidence mostly supports the homeostatic model, but the relationship between the tinnitus pitch and the HL frequencies has been insufficiently explored.

AIMS/OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the tinnitus pitch and the audiometric profile in the largest study population to date.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and ninety-three patients with tonal or narrow-band tinnitus participated. HL frequencies included 30, 40, 50 (F50), 60 dB, and maximum HL. We defined edge frequencies in four different ways according to the existing studies. We assessed the association between all estimated frequencies and the tinnitus pitch using t -tests, Spearman’s correlation, and multiple regression.

RESULTS: All calculated frequencies differed significantly from the tinnitus pitch except for F50. None were correlated with the tinnitus pitch. F50 was the only significant predictor among the estimated frequencies in multiple regression.

CONCLUSIONS: The tinnitus pitch fell within the HL area, and was mildly associated with F50.

SIGNIFICANCE: Our results support the homeostatic tinnitus model, and provide reliable evidence that tinnitus pitch does not correspond to the audiometric edge.

PMID:33146043 | DOI:10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394

SOURCE:
Acta oto-laryngologica

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-11-04T10:32:57Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-11-04T10:32:57Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Nov 4
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Wed, 04 Nov 2020 06:00:00 -0500

DATE – RETRIEVED:
11/04/20 12:36PM
2020-11-04T12:36:42-05:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33146043,doi:10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33146043

DOI:
10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33146043/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00016489.2020.1837394

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-11-04T12:36:42-05:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Identification of an inhibitory neuron subtype, the L-stellate cell of the cochlear nucleus

https://elifesciences.org/articles/54350

Identification of an inhibitory neuron subtype, the L-stellate cell of the cochlear nucleus

Abstract
Auditory processing depends upon inhibitory signaling by interneurons, even at its earliest stages in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Remarkably, to date only a single subtype of inhibitory neuron has been documented in the VCN, a projection neuron termed the D-stellate cell. With the use of a transgenic mouse line, optical clearing, and imaging techniques, combined with electrophysiological tools, we revealed a population of glycinergic cells in the VCN distinct from the D-stellate cell. These multipolar glycinergic cells were smaller in soma size and dendritic area, but over ten-fold more numerous than D-stellate cells. They were activated by auditory nerve and T-stellate cells, and made local inhibitory synaptic contacts on principal cells of the VCN. Given their abundance, combined with their narrow dendritic fields and axonal projections, it is likely that these neurons, here termed L-stellate cells, play a significant role in frequency-specific processing of acoustic signals.

Dietary Factors and Tinnitus among Adolescents

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Dietary Factors and Tinnitus among Adolescents

DESCRIPTION:
The number of people suffering from constant tinnitus is ever-increasing and has spread to all age groups, including adolescents. The etiology of tinnitus is multifactorial, but dietary factors have been rarely investigated. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between dietary factors and constant tinnitus among adolescents from an urban environment. A population-oriented cross-sectional study was carried out during the 2019/2020 school year in 12 Belgrade secondary schools….

CONTENT:
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 27;12(11):E3291. doi: 10.3390/nu12113291.

ABSTRACT

The number of people suffering from constant tinnitus is ever-increasing and has spread to all age groups, including adolescents. The etiology of tinnitus is multifactorial, but dietary factors have been rarely investigated. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between dietary factors and constant tinnitus among adolescents from an urban environment. A population-oriented cross-sectional study was carried out during the 2019/2020 school year in 12 Belgrade secondary schools. There were 1287 school children aged from 15 to 19 years who participated in the study. There were 1003 respondents who completed a questionnaire on tinnitus (response rate 77.9%; 31% male). We used the standardized Tinnitus Screener questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire specially designed for this study and adapted to Serbian adolescents. A logistic regression analysis revealed a strong negative correlation between fresh vegetables and fruits and tinnitus presence. On the other hand, the risk of constant tinnitus increased with the increased intake of white bread, carbonated beverages, and fast food. In conclusion, we show that fresh fruit and vegetable intakes may be negatively related to tinnitus frequency, while sweetened sodas, fast food, and white bread may raise the odds for tinnitus.

PMID:33121120 | DOI:10.3390/nu12113291

SOURCE:
Nutrients

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-10-27T14:02:33Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-10-27T14:02:33Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Oct 27
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Fri, 30 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

DATE – RETRIEVED:
10/30/20 10:18AM
2020-10-30T10:18:27-04:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33121120,doi:10.3390/nu12113291

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33121120

DOI:
10.3390/nu12113291

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33121120/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113291

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/11/3291

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-10-30T10:18:27-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

The Prevalence of Different Types of Headache in Patients with Subjective Tinnitus and Its Influence on Tinnitus Parameters: A Prospective Clinical Study

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
The Prevalence of Different Types of Headache in Patients with Subjective Tinnitus and Its Influence on Tinnitus Parameters: A Prospective Clinical Study

DESCRIPTION:
Both tinnitus and headache are very prevalent conditions in the general population, with bidirectional co-occurrence of them. A number of studies revealed a high prevalence of headache in tinnitus patients; however, most of them used self-reported symptoms, questionnaires, or health databases and were retrospective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different types of headache in a cohort of tinnitus patients and to assess the influence of headache on tinnitus parameters,…

CONTENT:
Brain Sci. 2020 Oct 24;10(11):E776. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10110776.

ABSTRACT

Both tinnitus and headache are very prevalent conditions in the general population, with bidirectional co-occurrence of them. A number of studies revealed a high prevalence of headache in tinnitus patients; however, most of them used self-reported symptoms, questionnaires, or health databases and were retrospective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different types of headache in a cohort of tinnitus patients and to assess the influence of headache on tinnitus parameters, focusing on appropriate headache and tinnitus diagnosis verified by clinical examination. This prospective study involved 286 patients diagnosed with subjective non-pulsating tinnitus. Patients’ clinical information was thoroughly assessed by the multidisciplinary team, including tinnitus characteristics and severity according to the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), loudness assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), audiometry, type of headache diagnosed according to the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, severity of headache assessed by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and impact of headache using the Headache Impact Test (HIT). In total, 141 (49.3%) tinnitus patients were diagnosed with headache, most of them with tension-type headache or migraine. They were significantly younger; mostly women; had bilateral tinnitus, vertigo, and depression more frequently; and had hearing loss less frequently as compared with the non-headache group. In total, 82 (58.16%) patients had the same localization of tinnitus and headache. Younger age, female gender, higher tinnitus burden measured by THI, and coexistence of hearing loss were independent variables connected with the occurrence of headache in the tinnitus group. According to our study, headaches impact tinnitus on many different levels and may be an important co-factor for tinnitus subtyping. We recommend screening for headache coexistence in all tinnitus patients.

PMID:33114375 | DOI:10.3390/brainsci10110776

SOURCE:
Brain sciences

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-10-26T06:44:22Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-10-26T06:44:22Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Oct 24
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Thu, 29 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

DATE – RETRIEVED:
10/29/20 06:41AM
2020-10-29T06:41:32-04:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33114375,doi:10.3390/brainsci10110776

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33114375

DOI:
10.3390/brainsci10110776

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33114375/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110776

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/11/776

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-10-29T06:41:32-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Alterations of brain activity and functional connectivity in transition from acute to chronic tinnitus

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Alterations of brain activity and functional connectivity in transition from acute to chronic tinnitus

DESCRIPTION:
The objective of this study was to investigate alterations to brain activity and functional connectivity in patients with tinnitus, exploring neural features in the transition from acute to chronic phantom perception. Twenty-four patients with acute tinnitus, 23 patients with chronic tinnitus, and 32 healthy controls were recruited. High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was used to explore changes in brain areas and functional connectivity in different groups. When compared with healthy…

CONTENT:
Hum Brain Mapp. 2020 Oct 13. doi: 10.1002/hbm.25238. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to investigate alterations to brain activity and functional connectivity in patients with tinnitus, exploring neural features in the transition from acute to chronic phantom perception. Twenty-four patients with acute tinnitus, 23 patients with chronic tinnitus, and 32 healthy controls were recruited. High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was used to explore changes in brain areas and functional connectivity in different groups. When compared with healthy subjects, acute tinnitus patients had a significant reduction in superior frontal cortex activity across all frequency bands, whereas chronic tinnitus patients had a significant reduction in the superior frontal cortex at beta 3 and gamma frequency bands as well as a significant increase in the inferior frontal cortex at delta-band and superior temporal cortex at alpha 1 frequency band. When compared to the chronic tinnitus group, the acute tinnitus group activity was significantly increased in the middle frontal and parietal gyrus at the gamma-band. Functional connectivity analysis showed that the chronic tinnitus group had increased connections between the parahippocampus gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus when compared with the healthy group. Alterations of local brain activity and connections between the parahippocampus gyrus and other nonauditory areas appeared in the transition from acute to chronic tinnitus. This indicates that the appearance and development of tinnitus is a dynamic process involving aberrant local neural activity and abnormal connectivity in multifunctional brain networks.

PMID:33090584 | DOI:10.1002/hbm.25238

SOURCE:
Human brain mapping

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-10-13T17:36:17Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-10-13T17:36:17Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Oct 13
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Thu, 22 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

DATE – RETRIEVED:
10/22/20 07:02PM
2020-10-22T19:02:20-04:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33090584,doi:10.1002/hbm.25238

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33090584

DOI:
10.1002/hbm.25238

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33090584/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25238

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hbm.25238

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-10-22T19:02:20-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

Noise Induced Hearing Loss and Tinnitus-New Research Developments and Remaining Gaps in Disease Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention

CATEGORY:
Research

TITLE:
Noise Induced Hearing Loss and Tinnitus-New Research Developments and Remaining Gaps in Disease Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention

DESCRIPTION:
Long-term noise exposure often results in noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Tinnitus, the generation of phantom sounds, can also result from noise exposure, although understanding of its underlying mechanisms are limited. Recent studies, however, are shedding light on the neural processes involved in NIHL and tinnitus, leading to potential new and innovative treatments. This review focuses on the assessment of NIHL, available treatments, and development of new pharmacologic and…

CONTENT:
Brain Sci. 2020 Oct 13;10(10):E732. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10100732.

ABSTRACT

Long-term noise exposure often results in noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Tinnitus, the generation of phantom sounds, can also result from noise exposure, although understanding of its underlying mechanisms are limited. Recent studies, however, are shedding light on the neural processes involved in NIHL and tinnitus, leading to potential new and innovative treatments. This review focuses on the assessment of NIHL, available treatments, and development of new pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments based on recent studies of central auditory plasticity and adaptive changes in hearing. We discuss the mechanisms and maladaptive plasticity of NIHL, neuronal aspects of tinnitus triggers, and mechanisms such as tinnitus-associated neural changes at the cochlear nucleus underlying the generation of tinnitus after noise-induced deafferentation. We include observations from recent studies, including our own studies on associated risks and emerging treatments for tinnitus. Increasing knowledge of neural plasticity and adaptive changes in the central auditory system suggest that NIHL is preventable and transient abnormalities may be reversable, although ongoing research in assessment and early detection of hearing difficulties is still urgently needed. Since no treatment can yet reverse noise-related damage completely, preventative strategies and increased awareness of hearing health are essential.

PMID:33066210 | DOI:10.3390/brainsci10100732

SOURCE:
Brain sciences

DATE – PUBLISHED:
2020-10-13T13:30:21Z

DATE – DOI: 2020-10-13T13:30:21Z
DATE – PUBMED: 2020 Oct 13
DATE OUTPUT MATCHED: True

DATE – ADDED:
Sat, 17 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

DATE – RETRIEVED:
10/19/20 06:34PM
2020-10-19T18:34:21-04:00

IDENTIFIER:
pmid:33066210,doi:10.3390/brainsci10100732

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33066210

DOI:
10.3390/brainsci10100732

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33066210/

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100732

LINK – PUBLISHER:
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/10/732

REFERENCES:
Tinnitus Treatment Report, Urgent Research, 2020-10-19T18:34:21-04:00, www.tinnitustreatmentreport.com.

The Role of Manganese, Cadmium, Chromium and Selenium on Subjective Tinnitus

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33037493/

TITLE:
The Role of Manganese, Cadmium, Chromium and Selenium on Subjective Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Sat, 10 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Nihal Efe Atila,Alptug Atila,Zülküf Kaya,Yunus E Bulut,Fatih Oner,Kübra Topal,Zafer Bayraktutan,Ebubekir Bakan

SOURCE:
Biological trace element research

DESCRIPTION:

Elevated levels of heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) are known to lead to oxidative damage-related oto-toxicity and decreased levels of chromium (Cr) and selenium (Se) are known to lead to oto-toxicity due to reduced anti-oxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum levels of Cd, Mn, Cr, and Se and their relationship with tinnitus. A total of 48 patients with tinnitus (Group 1) and 40 healthy controls (Group 2) were included in the study. All participants…

CONTENT:

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020 Oct 9. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Elevated levels of heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) are known to lead to oxidative damage-related oto-toxicity and decreased levels of chromium (Cr) and selenium (Se) are known to lead to oto-toxicity due to reduced anti-oxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum levels of Cd, Mn, Cr, and Se and their relationship with tinnitus. A total of 48 patients with tinnitus (Group 1) and 40 healthy controls (Group 2) were included in the study. All participants were applied audiology tests. Severity of tinnitus was measured with Tinnitus Severity Index Questionnaire (TSIQ) in group 1. Serum Mn, Cd, Cr, and Se measurements were done by using The Agilent ICP-MS system consisted of a 7700 coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serum Cd, Mn, and Cr levels were higher in group 1 and Se level was lower in group 1 than that of group 2. We may conclude that Cd, Mn, Cr, and Se levels could play an important role in etio-pathogenesis of tinnitus, and thereby supplementation or reduction of these elements could be considered as novel therapeutic goals.

PMID:33037493 | DOI:10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33037493

OTHER ID:
pmid:33037493,doi:10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4

PUBLICATION DATE:
Sat, 10 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-10-10

RETRIEVAL DATE :
10/11/20 02:01AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33037493/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20201011020136&v=2.12.3

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02420-4

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Phenotyping chronic tinnitus patients using self-report questionnaire data: cluster analysis and visual comparison

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73402-8

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33009468/

TITLE:
Phenotyping chronic tinnitus patients using self-report questionnaire data: cluster analysis and visual comparison

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Sat, 03 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Uli Niemann,Petra Brueggemann,Benjamin Boecking,Wilhelm Mebus,Matthias Rose,Myra Spiliopoulou,Birgit Mazurek

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DESCRIPTION:

Chronic tinnitus is a complex, multi-factorial symptom that requires careful assessment and management. Evidence-based therapeutic approaches involve audiological and psychological treatment components. However, not everyone benefits from treatment. The identification and characterisation of patient subgroups (or “phenotypes”) may provide clinically relevant information. Due to the large number of assessment tools, data-driven methods appear to be promising. The acceptance of these empirical…

CONTENT:

Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 2;10(1):16411. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8.

ABSTRACT

Chronic tinnitus is a complex, multi-factorial symptom that requires careful assessment and management. Evidence-based therapeutic approaches involve audiological and psychological treatment components. However, not everyone benefits from treatment. The identification and characterisation of patient subgroups (or “phenotypes”) may provide clinically relevant information. Due to the large number of assessment tools, data-driven methods appear to be promising. The acceptance of these empirical results can be further strengthened by a comprehensive visualisation. In this study, we used cluster analysis to identify distinct tinnitus phenotypes based on self-report questionnaire data and implemented a visualisation tool to explore phenotype idiosyncrasies. 1228 patients with chronic tinnitus from the Charité Tinnitus Center in Berlin were included. At baseline, each participant completed 14 questionnaires measuring tinnitus distress, -loudness, frequency and location, depressivity, perceived stress, quality of life, physical and mental health, pain perception, somatic symptom expression and coping attitudes. Four distinct patient phenotypes emerged from clustering: avoidant group (56.8%), psychosomatic group (14.1%), somatic group (15.2%), and distress group (13.9%). Radial bar- and line charts allowed for visual inspection and juxtaposition of major phenotype characteristics. The phenotypes differed in terms of clinical information including psychological symptoms, quality of life, coping attitudes, stress, tinnitus-related distress and pain, as well as socio-demographics. Our findings suggest that identifiable patient subgroups and their visualisation may allow for stratified treatment strategies and research designs.

PMID:33009468 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33009468

OTHER ID:
pmid:33009468,doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8

PUBLICATION DATE:
Sat, 03 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-10-03

RETRIEVAL DATE :
10/04/20 02:15AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33009468/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20201004021523&v=2.12.3

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

How can sound generating devices support coping with tinnitus?

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14992027.2020.1827307

How can sound generating devices support coping with tinnitus?
Shameela Munir &Helen Pryce ORCID Icon
Received 15 Jun 2020, Accepted 16 Sep 2020, Published online: 01 Oct 2020
Download citation https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2020.1827307

A New Buzz for Tinnitus—It’s in the Genes!

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/article-abstract/2770968

September 24, 2020
A New Buzz for Tinnitus—It’s in the Genes!
Christopher R. Cederroth, PhD1,2,3; Natalia Trpchevska, MD3; Berthold Langguth, MD, PhD4
Author Affiliations
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online September 24, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.2919

Individualized Treatment of Tinnitus during Sleep Using Stimulation of the Auditory and Limbic Systems

https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/509981

https://doi.org/10.1159/000509981

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32966989/

TITLE:
Individualized Treatment of Tinnitus during Sleep Using Combined Tinnitus Signal and Music

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Wed, 23 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Huseyin Deniz,Yildirim Ahmet Bayazit,Elif Tugba Sarac

SOURCE:
ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties

DESCRIPTION:

CONCLUSION: Stimulation of the auditory and limbic systems during sleep by the tinnitus signal combined with individualized musical melodies seems an alternative, effective, and cheap method in the treatment of tinnitus.

CONTENT:

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2020 Sep 23:1-6. doi: 10.1159/000509981. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus is a widely seen otological symptom that interferes with daily activities and causes discomfort. Tinnitus treatments can be classified into 4 main groups: pharmacological treatments, cognitive and behavioral therapy, psychological treatments, and combined treatment approaches made up of at least 2 of these 3 treatment methods.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether it would be possible to develop an individualized treatment method of tinnitus by application of a combined tinnitus signal and music during sleep.

METHODS: Forty-three ears of 30 patients who had subjective tinnitus were included. The patients were evaluated using Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory. The psychoacoustic parameters of tinnitus, such as tinnitus frequency and loudness, and minimal masking levels, were determined. The patients were asked to select musical melodies that they liked. The tinnitus frequency of each patient was taken as the central frequency according to ANSI 2004. All sound files were prepared as stereo channels, with 16-bit resolution and 44,100 Hz sampling rate. The root mean square power value of the music and the band noise’s average root mean square power value were equalized with the “Amplification” command, and 70% of the music and 30% of wide/narrow-band noise were mixed as a stereo channel by the “Mix Paste” command. The patients were instructed to listen to that individualized music/narrow-band noise (tinnitus signal) for 2 h during sleep for a duration of 6 months.

RESULTS: Tinnitus frequencies of the patients measured prior to treatment and at the second, fourth, and sixth months of follow-up were not significantly different. A statistically significant decrease was seen in tinnitus loudness, minimal masking levels, and residual inhibition during the follow-up. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores decreased significantly during follow-up, and the number of patients who complained of tinnitus decreased (p < 0.05). The Visual Analogue Scale scores significantly decreased during follow-up (p < 0.05). Beck Depression Inventory scores decreased significantly during follow-up (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Stimulation of the auditory and limbic systems during sleep by the tinnitus signal combined with individualized musical melodies seems an alternative, effective, and cheap method in the treatment of tinnitus. PMID:32966989 | DOI:10.1159/000509981

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32966989

OTHER ID:
pmid:32966989,doi:10.1159/000509981

PUBLICATION DATE:
Wed, 23 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-23

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/24/20 12:32AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32966989/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200924003250&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000509981

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Using cortical neuron markers to target cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus: novel tools for studying tinnitus mechanisms [Preprint]

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.19.304550v2.full.pdf

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.19.304550v2

Using cortical neuron markers to target cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus
Thawann Malfatti, Barbara Ciralli, Markus M. Hilscher, Steven J. Edwards, Klas Kullander, Richardson N. Leao, Katarina E. Leao
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.19.304550

Together, these results opens up for more detailed control of DCN circuit output in vivo and novel tools for studying tinnitus mechanisms.

Perceptual Dimensions Underlying Tinnitus-Like Sounds

https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00327

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32946329/

TITLE:
Perceptual Dimensions Underlying Tinnitus-Like Sounds

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Fri, 18 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Jennifer J Lentz,Yuan He

SOURCE:
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR

DESCRIPTION:

Purpose The goal of this study was to establish the perceptual underpinnings of the terms that are commonly used by patients when describing the quality of their tinnitus. Method Using a free-classification method, 15 subjects with normal hearing placed 60 different tinnitus-like sounds into similarity clusters on a grid. Multidimensional scaling, hierarchical clustering, and acoustic analyses were used to determine the acoustic underpinnings of the perceptual dimensions and perceptual…

CONTENT:

J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2020 Sep 18:1-7. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00327. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Purpose The goal of this study was to establish the perceptual underpinnings of the terms that are commonly used by patients when describing the quality of their tinnitus. Method Using a free-classification method, 15 subjects with normal hearing placed 60 different tinnitus-like sounds into similarity clusters on a grid. Multidimensional scaling, hierarchical clustering, and acoustic analyses were used to determine the acoustic underpinnings of the perceptual dimensions and perceptual similarity. Results Multidimensional scaling revealed three different perceptual dimensions (pitch, modulation depth + spectral elements, and envelope rate). Hierarchical clustering revealed five explicit similarity clusters: tonal, steady noise, pulsatile, low-frequency fluctuating noise, and high-frequency fluctuating. Conclusions Results are consistent with tinnitus perceptions falling into a small set of categories that can be characterized by their acoustics. As a result, there is the potential to develop different tools to assess tinnitus using a variety of different sounds.

PMID:32946329 | DOI:10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00327

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32946329

OTHER ID:
pmid:32946329,doi:10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00327

PUBLICATION DATE:
Fri, 18 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-18

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/18/20 06:26PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32946329/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200918182634&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00327

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Dual-site rTMS is More Effective than Single-site rTMS in Tinnitus Patients: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10548-020-00797-y

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00797-y

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944806/

TITLE:
Dual-site rTMS is More Effective than Single-site rTMS in Tinnitus Patients: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Fri, 18 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Tae-Soo Noh,Jeong-Sug Kyong,Moo Kyun Park,Jun Ho Lee,Seung Ha Oh,Myung-Whan Suh

SOURCE:
Brain topography

DESCRIPTION:

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an alternative option for treating tinnitus. rTMS is a noninvasive method in which repetitive magnetic stimulation is applied to the cortex; it is considered a therapeutic strategy that modulates the loudness of tinnitus. In this study, we performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial to compare the outcome of tinnitus treatment among (1) dual-site (auditory + prefrontal) rTMS stimulation, (2) auditory cortex only rTMS…

CONTENT:

Brain Topogr. 2020 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s10548-020-00797-y. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an alternative option for treating tinnitus. rTMS is a noninvasive method in which repetitive magnetic stimulation is applied to the cortex; it is considered a therapeutic strategy that modulates the loudness of tinnitus. In this study, we performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial to compare the outcome of tinnitus treatment among (1) dual-site (auditory + prefrontal) rTMS stimulation, (2) auditory cortex only rTMS stimulation (AC), and (3) sham stimulation. The left primary auditory cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were targeted independently of handedness or tinnitus laterality. Dual-site and auditory only groups were treated with a total of 12,000 pulses, 2000 pulses over the AC and 1000 pulses over the DLPFC (group 1), 3000 pulses over the AC only (group 2), and daily for 4 consecutive days. Dual-site group exhibited a significantly better ΔTinnitus Handicap Inventory (ΔTHI) score at 4, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after rTMS treatments compared with pre-treatment. However, there was no effect in the auditory only group. Also, there was no effect in sham group when THI scores were compared with that of the pre-treatment. These results are in line with the former studies that reported a better treatment effect by multiple site rTMS.

PMID:32944806 | DOI:10.1007/s10548-020-00797-y

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32944806

OTHER ID:
pmid:32944806,doi:10.1007/s10548-020-00797-y

PUBLICATION DATE:
Fri, 18 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-18

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/18/20 07:15AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944806/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200918071531&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00797-y

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

The Neural Bases of Tinnitus: Lessons from Deafness and Cochlear Implants

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/40/38/7190

https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1314-19.2020

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32938634/

TITLE:
The Neural Bases of Tinnitus: Lessons from Deafness and Cochlear Implants

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Thu, 17 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Marlies Knipper,Pim van Dijk,Holger Schulze,Birgit Mazurek,Patrick Krauss,Verena Scheper,Athanasia Warnecke,Winfried Schlee,Kerstin Schwabe,Wibke Singer,Christoph Braun,Paul H Delano,Andreas J Fallgatter,Ann-Christine Ehlis,Grant D Searchfield,Matthias H J Munk,David M Baguley,Lukas Rüttiger

SOURCE:
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

DESCRIPTION:

Subjective tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound in the absence of any acoustic source. The literature suggests various tinnitus mechanisms, most of which invoke changes in spontaneous firing rates of central auditory neurons resulting from modification of neural gain. Here, we present an alternative model based on evidence that tinnitus is: (1) rare in people who are congenitally deaf, (2) common in people with acquired deafness, and (3) potentially suppressed by active cochlear…

CONTENT:

J Neurosci. 2020 Sep 16;40(38):7190-7202. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1314-19.2020.

ABSTRACT

Subjective tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound in the absence of any acoustic source. The literature suggests various tinnitus mechanisms, most of which invoke changes in spontaneous firing rates of central auditory neurons resulting from modification of neural gain. Here, we present an alternative model based on evidence that tinnitus is: (1) rare in people who are congenitally deaf, (2) common in people with acquired deafness, and (3) potentially suppressed by active cochlear implants used for hearing restoration. We propose that tinnitus can only develop after fast auditory fiber activity has stimulated the synapse formation between fast-spiking parvalbumin positive (PV+ ) interneurons and projecting neurons in the ascending auditory path and coactivated frontostriatal networks after hearing onset. Thereafter, fast auditory fiber activity promotes feedforward and feedback inhibition mediated by PV+ interneuron activity in auditory-specific circuits. This inhibitory network enables enhanced stimulus resolution, attention-driven contrast improvement, and augmentation of auditory responses in central auditory pathways (neural gain) after damage of slow auditory fibers. When fast auditory fiber activity is lost, tonic PV+ interneuron activity is diminished, resulting in the prolonged response latencies, sudden hyperexcitability, enhanced cortical synchrony, elevated spontaneous γ oscillations, and impaired attention/stress-control that have been described in previous tinnitus models. Moreover, because fast processing is gained through sensory experience, tinnitus would not exist in congenital deafness. Electrical cochlear stimulation may have the potential to reestablish tonic inhibitory networks and thus suppress tinnitus. The proposed framework unites many ideas of tinnitus pathophysiology and may catalyze cooperative efforts to develop tinnitus therapies.

PMID:32938634 | DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1314-19.2020

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32938634

OTHER ID:
pmid:32938634,doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1314-19.2020

PUBLICATION DATE:
Thu, 17 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-17

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/17/20 12:00PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32938634/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200917120000&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1314-19.2020

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Neuroanatomical Alterations in Patients With Tinnitus Before and After Sound Therapy: A Combined VBM and SCN Study [Preprint]

https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-70719/v1/8dcc5a20-f614-45b3-b30a-69066dbd8346.pdf

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-70719/v1

Neuroanatomical Alterations in Patients With Tinnitus Before and After Sound Therapy: A Combined VBM and SCN Study

Xuan Wei, Han Lv, Qian Chen, Zhaodi Wang, Chunli Liu, Pengfei Zhao, Shusheng Gong, Zhenghan Yang, Zhenchang Wang

DOI:
10.21203/rs.3.rs-70719/v1

Abstract
Background: Many neuroanatomical alterations have been detected in patients with tinnitus in previous studies. However, little is known about morphological and structural covariance network (SCN) changes before and after long-term sound therapy. This study aimed to explore alterations in brain anatomical and SCN changes in patients with idiopathic tinnitus using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis 24 weeks before and after sound therapy.

Methods: Thirty-three tinnitus patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline and after 24 weeks of sound therapy. Twenty-six age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) individuals also underwent two scans over a 24-week interval; 3.0T MRI and high-resolution 3D structural images were acquired with a 3D-BRAVO pulse sequence. Structural image data preprocessing was performed using the VBM8 toolbox. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score was acquired in the tinnitus group to assess the severity of tinnitus and tinnitus-related distress. Two-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analyses were performed to determine differences between the two groups (patients and HCs) and between the two scans (at baseline and at the 24th week). Two-sample t tests, paired-samples t tests, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used in the post hoc analysis.

Results: Interaction effects between the two groups and the two scans demonstrated significantly different gray matter (GM) volume in the right parahippocampus gyrus, right caudate, left superior temporal gyrus, left cuneus gyrus and right calcarine gyrus; we found significantly decreased GM volume in the above five brain regions among the tinnitus patients before sound therapy (baseline) compared to that in the HC group. The 24-week sound therapy group demonstrated significantly greater brain volume compared with the baseline group among these brain regions. We did not find significant differences in brain regions between the 24-week sound therapy and HC groups. The SCN results showed that the left superior temporal gyrus and left rolandic operculum were significantly different in nodal efficiency, nodal degree centrality and nodal betweenness centrality after FDR correction. Decreased THI scores and GM volume changes between the left thalamus and right thalamus were not correlated.

Conclusions: This study characterized the effect of sound therapy on brain GM volume, especially in the left superior temporal lobe. Notably, sound therapy had a normalizing effect on tinnitus patients.

Glutamatergic modulation of auditory cortex connectivity with attentional brain networks in unpredictable perceptual environment

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-72044-0

Published: 14 September 2020

Glutamatergic modulation of auditory cortex connectivity with attentional brain networks in unpredictable perceptual environment

Kristiina Kompus, Vegard Volehaugen, Alex Craven & Karsten Specht

Kompus, K., Volehaugen, V., Craven, A. et al. Glutamatergic modulation of auditory cortex connectivity with attentional brain networks in unpredictable perceptual environment. Sci Rep 10, 15059 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72044-0

Genetic variation in RCOR1 is associated with tinnitus in UK Biobank [Preprint]

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2020/09/13/2020.09.11.20192583.full.pdf

Genetic variation in RCOR1 is associated with tinnitus in UK Biobank

Helena Rose Rees Wells, Fatin N Zainul Abidin, Maxim Freydin, Frances MK Williams, Sally J Dawson

doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.11.20192583

This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.

From Acute to Chronic Tinnitus: Pilot Data on Predictors and Progression

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00997/full

https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00997

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33041971/

TITLE:
From Acute to Chronic Tinnitus: Pilot Data on Predictors and Progression

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 12 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Veronika Vielsmeier,Ryan Santiago Stiel,Pingling Kwok,Berthold Langguth,Martin Schecklmann

SOURCE:
Frontiers in neurology

DESCRIPTION:

Little is known about the transition from acute tinnitus to chronic tinnitus. By means of this study, we are attempting to close this gap by presenting prospective pilot data of patients with acute tinnitus, followed by tracking their condition’s trajectory over a period of 6 months. Forty-nine patients presenting with acute tinnitus (duration < 28 days) were recruited in two clinics. We recorded demographic and clinical tinnitus-related data as well as data on personality, health, treatments,...

CONTENT:

Front Neurol. 2020 Sep 11;11:997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00997. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

Little is known about the transition from acute tinnitus to chronic tinnitus. By means of this study, we are attempting to close this gap by presenting prospective pilot data of patients with acute tinnitus, followed by tracking their condition’s trajectory over a period of 6 months. Forty-nine patients presenting with acute tinnitus (duration < 28 days) were recruited in two clinics. We recorded demographic and clinical tinnitus-related data as well as data on personality, health, treatments, and life-style, during patients' first appearance in the clinic and again three and 6 months thereafter. Standard audiograms were performed at the first and the second visit. Nine (18.4%) patients showed full remission of their tinnitus. These patients differed from patients with a chronic course of tinnitus by shorter tinnitus duration, lower fear-related hyperacusis, higher proportion of female gender, increased ear pressure, and lower levels of alcohol consumption. Among the patients with a chronification of tinnitus, there was no change in tinnitus characteristics. However, their tinnitus distress improved moderately over time. These preliminary data are in line with earlier studies that have shown that only a small proportion of those patients presenting in the clinic with acute tinnitus experience a full remission. The results of this study can be of service in deducing hypotheses for the transition from acute to chronic tinnitus and in developing designs for interventional studies. PMID:33041971 | PMC:PMC7516990 | DOI:10.3389/fneur.2020.00997

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:33041971

OTHER ID:
pmid:33041971,pmc:PMC7516990,doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00997

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 12 Oct 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-10-12

RETRIEVAL DATE :
10/12/20 06:25AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33041971/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20201012062544&v=2.12.3

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00997

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Proteasome Activity in the Plasma as a Novel Biomarker in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Chronic Tinnitus

https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad200728

https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200728

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32955464/

TITLE:
Proteasome Activity in the Plasma as a Novel Biomarker in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Chronic Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 21 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Yejin Yun,Sang-Yeon Lee,Won Hoon Choi,Jong-Chan Park,Dong Han Lee,Yun Kyung Kim,Jung Hoon Lee,Jun-Young Lee,Min Jae Lee,Young Ho Kim

SOURCE:
Journal of Alzheimer’s disease : JAD

DESCRIPTION:

CONCLUSION: Our current work provides a new perspective for understanding the potential relationship between circulating proteasomes in the plasma and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting a novel, non-invasive biomarker in the context of MCI diagnosis.

CONTENT:

J Alzheimers Dis. 2020 Sep 11. doi: 10.3233/JAD-200728. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although the existence of proteasomes in human blood, termed circulating proteasomes (c-proteasomes), has been reported previously, their origin and pathophysiological functions remain largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE: Given that c-proteasome activity was significantly reduced in Alzheimer’s disease model mice and relatively high frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is accompanied by chronic tinnitus in aged patients, we examined whether c-proteasome activity in human plasma was associated with cognitive function in patients with chronic tinnitus.

METHODS: c-Proteasome activity in the plasma of tinnitus patients (N = 56) was measured with fluorogenic reporter substrate, suc-LLVY-AMC. To assess MCI, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment was conducted with a cut-off score of 22/23. All patients underwent audiological and psychoacoustic analyses. Levels of c-proteasomes, Aβ42, and Aβ40 were measured using ELISA, and their association with c-proteasome activity was evaluated.

RESULTS: The activity of circulating proteasomes was significantly lower in patients with chronic tinnitus and MCI (p = 0.042), whereas activities of other plasma enzymes showed little correlation. In addition, c-proteasome activity was negatively associated with the level of plasma Aβ and was directly dependent on its own concentration in the plasma of patients with chronic tinnitus.

CONCLUSION: Our current work provides a new perspective for understanding the potential relationship between circulating proteasomes in the plasma and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting a novel, non-invasive biomarker in the context of MCI diagnosis.

PMID:32955464 | DOI:10.3233/JAD-200728

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32955464

OTHER ID:
pmid:32955464,doi:10.3233/JAD-200728

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 21 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-21

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/21/20 06:39PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32955464/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200921183919&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200728

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Mechanisms Underlying Enhancement of Spontaneous Glutamate Release by Group I mGluRs at a Central Auditory Synapse

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/40/37/7027

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/40/37/7027?utm_source=tinnitustreatmentreport.com

Research Articles, Cellular/Molecular
Mechanisms Underlying Enhancement of Spontaneous Glutamate Release by Group I mGluRs at a Central Auditory Synapse
Kang Peng, Xiaoyu Wang, Yuan Wang, Dainan Li, Hai Huang and Yong Lu
Journal of Neuroscience 9 September 2020, 40 (37) 7027-7042; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2771-19.2020

Transcranial direct current stimulation improves tinnitus perception and modulates cortical electrical activity in patients with tinnitus: A randomized clinical trial

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0987705320300769?via%3Dihub

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2020.07.002

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32863109/

TITLE:
Transcranial direct current stimulation improves tinnitus perception and modulates cortical electrical activity in patients with tinnitus: A randomized clinical trial

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 31 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Dayse da Silva Souza,Alexandre Alex Almeida,Suellen Marinho Dos Santos Andrade,Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado,Márcio Leitão,Tanit Ganz Sanchez,Marine Raquel Diniz da Rosa

SOURCE:
Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology

DESCRIPTION:

CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that tDCS modulates the EEG activity and alleviates tinnitus perception. This effect may be related to baseline EEG activity.

CONTENT:

Neurophysiol Clin. 2020 Aug 28:S0987-7053(20)30076-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neucli.2020.07.002. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): a) is effective in the treatment of tinnitus by decreasing its annoyance and severity; b) modulates the cortical electrical activity of such individuals.

METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 24 patients with tinnitus, randomized into two groups: Group 1 (n = 12) received anodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area (LTA) and cathodal tDCS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and Group 2 (n = 12) received placebo intervention. Tinnitus perception using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire, in addition to electroencephalogram (EEG) was measured with eyes opened and closed at baseline and after the intervention. For the treatment, patients were subjected to five consecutive sessions of tDCS with the anodal electrode over the LTA and cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (7 × 5 cm, 2 mA for 20 min). tDCS was turned off after 30 s in the sham group.

RESULTS: Active tDCS significantly improved tinnitus annoyance and severity. It was associated with decreased beta and theta EEG frequency bands with eyes opened and decreased alpha frequency with eyes closed. sLORETA identified changes in frequency bands in the frontal, temporoparietal, and limbic regions. Finally, there were negative correlations between baseline EEG frequency bands and tDCS-induced change in tinnitus annoyance and severity.

CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that tDCS modulates the EEG activity and alleviates tinnitus perception. This effect may be related to baseline EEG activity.

PMID:32863109 | DOI:10.1016/j.neucli.2020.07.002

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32863109

OTHER ID:
pmid:32863109,doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2020.07.002

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 31 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-01

RETRIEVAL DATE :
08/31/20 06:45AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32863109/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200831064521&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2020.07.002

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Loud noise exposure differentially affects subpopulations of auditory cortex pyramidal cells [Preprint]

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2020/08/25/2020.08.25.264200.full.pdf

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.25.264200v1

https://europepmc.org/article/PPR/PPR205311

Loud noise exposure differentially affects subpopulations of auditory cortex pyramidal cells
Ingrid Nogueira, Jessica Winne, Thiago Z Lima, Thawann E Malfatti, View ORCID ProfileRichardson N Leao, View ORCID ProfileKatarina E Leao
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.25.264200

Tinnitus severity significantly worse in patients with hearing loss than patients with normal hearing

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14992027.2020.1804081?journalCode=iija20

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32787604?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
A comparison of the severity of tinnitus in patients with and without hearing loss using the tinnitus functional index (TFI).

DESCRIPTION:
A comparison of the severity of tinnitus in patients with and without hearing loss using the tinnitus functional index (TFI).

Int J Audiol. 2020 Aug 13;:1-7

Authors: Mahafza N, Zhao F, El Refaie A, Chen F

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the severity of tinnitus in tinnitus patients with and without hearing loss.

DESIGN AND STUDY SAMPLE: 73 tinnitus patients were included in this study at an audiology clinic in Amman, Jordan. Participants were assigned to two groups according to their hearing status. The severity of tinnitus was evaluated using the Tinnitus Functional Index questionnaire. All participants were interviewed, followed by an otoscopic examination, pure tone audiometry, and tests for admittance and tinnitus matching.

RESULTS: The normal hearing group included 34 participants (46.6%) whose TFI scores were divided as follows: mild annoyance (17), significant annoyance (14), and severe annoyance (3). The sensorineural loss group included 39 participants (53.4%) with mild annoyance (11), significant annoyance (12), and severe annoyance (16). A statistically significant association was found between hearing status and the severity of tinnitus using a Chi-Squared test (x2 = 0.487, p = 0.007). There was no association between tinnitus severity and age or gender.

CONCLUSION: Tinnitus severity was significantly worse in tinnitus patients with a hearing loss than tinnitus patients with normal hearing thresholds. This should be taken into consideration when clinicians are planning counselling and management protocols for individual patients.

PMID: 32787604 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

PMID:
PubMed:32787604

DATE FOUND:
08/14/20 06:03AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32787604?dopt=Abstract

Acupuncture for tinnitus: level of evidence insufficient to draw any definitive conclusions

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0964528420938380

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32772848?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Acupuncture for tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

DESCRIPTION:
Acupuncture for tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Acupunct Med. 2020 Aug 10;:964528420938380

Authors: Huang K, Liang S, Chen L, Grellet A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy/effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of tinnitus.

METHODS: Four English and four Chinese databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for tinnitus published before 30 September 2018. RCTs applying acupuncture alone compared with conventional treatments, sham acupuncture, or no treatment, as well as acupuncture plus conventional treatments compared with conventional treatments alone, were included. The primary outcome was the visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes included tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) and tinnitus severity index (TSI) scores. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan V5.3 software. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ref. CRD42018108692).

RESULTS: Eight studies involving 504 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed no significant differences in the VAS score (mean difference (MD) = -1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.69 to 0.07; p = 0.06) between the acupuncture and control groups. However, favorable effects of acupuncture on changes in THI score (MD = -10.11, 95% CI = -12.74 to -7.48; p < 0.001) and TSI score (MD = -8.36, 95% CI = -8.87 to -7.86; p < 0.001) were found. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture had no significant effect on the primary outcome of VAS score compared with control treatment; however, positive effects on secondary outcomes (THI and TSI score) were observed in acupuncture versus control groups. Due to the low quality and small sample size of the included trials, the level of evidence was insufficient to draw any definitive conclusions. Further rigorous and high-quality studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to confirm the efficacy/effectiveness of acupuncture for tinnitus. PMID: 32772848 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] PMID: PubMed:32772848 DATE FOUND: 08/11/20 06:02AM LINK / URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32772848?dopt=Abstract

Uncovering the Contribution of Enhanced Central Gain and Altered Cortical Oscillations to Tinnitus Generation

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008220301489?via%3Dihub

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101893

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32783988/

TITLE:
Uncovering the Contribution of Enhanced Central Gain and Altered Cortical Oscillations to Tinnitus Generation

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Thu, 13 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Sarah H Hayes,Ashley L Schormans,Gregory Sigel,Krystal Beh,Björn Herrmann,Brian L Allman

SOURCE:
Progress in neurobiology

DESCRIPTION:

Various theories and their associated mechanisms have been proposed as the neural basis of phantom sound perception (tinnitus), including central gain enhancement and altered cortical oscillations. However, it remains unknown whether these cortical changes directly cause tinnitus, or simply coexist with the phantom percept. Using chronically-implanted electrodes and drug delivery cannulae in rats, we examined whether enhanced central gain and cortical oscillations are consistent across different…

CONTENT:

Prog Neurobiol. 2020 Aug 9:101893. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101893. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Various theories and their associated mechanisms have been proposed as the neural basis of phantom sound perception (tinnitus), including central gain enhancement and altered cortical oscillations. However, it remains unknown whether these cortical changes directly cause tinnitus, or simply coexist with the phantom percept. Using chronically-implanted electrodes and drug delivery cannulae in rats, we examined whether enhanced central gain and cortical oscillations are consistent across different tinnitus induction methods (noise exposure; salicylate), and if directly-inducing enhanced central gain or altered cortical oscillations via pharmacologic manipulation of inhibition along the auditory pathway would cause behavioral evidence of tinnitus. We show that, while there appeared to be no clear link between tinnitus and the presence of enhanced sound-evoked cortical activity or altered spontaneous cortical oscillations, pharmacologic impairment of GABAergic neurotransmission in the auditory cortex was sufficient to cause tinnitus; collective findings which further advance our understanding of the neural basis of tinnitus.

PMID:32783988 | DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101893

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32783988

OTHER ID:
pmid:32783988,doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101893

PUBLICATION DATE:
Thu, 13 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-08-14

RETRIEVAL DATE :
08/13/20 11:53AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32783988/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200813115305&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101893

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Susceptibility to Residual Inhibition is Associated with Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Chronicity [Preprint]

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.05.20167346v1.full.pdf

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.05.20167346v1

Susceptibility to Residual Inhibition is Associated with Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Chronicity

Suyi Hu, Lukas Anschuetz, View ORCID ProfileDeborah A. Hall, Marco Caversaccio, Wilhelm Wimmer

doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.05.20167346

This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.

Abstract

Residual inhibition, i.e. the temporary suppression of tinnitus loudness after acoustic stimulation, is a frequently observed phenomenon that may have prognostic value for clinical applications. However, it is unclear in which subjects residual inhibition is more likely and how stable the suppression can be induced repeatedly. The primary aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of hearing loss and tinnitus chronicity on residual inhibition susceptibility. The secondary aim was to investigate the short-term repeatability of residual inhibition. Residual inhibition was assessed in 74 tinnitus subjects with 60-second narrow-band noise stimuli in 10 consecutive trials. The subjects were assigned to groups according to their depth of suppression (substantial residual inhibition vs. comparator group). In addition, a categorization in normal hearing and hearing loss groups, related to the degree of hearing loss at the frequency corresponding to the tinnitus pitch, was made. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with susceptibility to residual inhibition. Repeatability of residual inhibition was assessed using mixed-effects ordinal regression including post-stimulus time and repetitions as factors. Tinnitus chronicity was not associated with residual inhibition for subjects with hearing loss, while a statistically significant negative association between tinnitus chronicity and residual inhibition susceptibility was observed in normal hearing subjects (odds ratio: 0.63; CI: 0.41 to 0.83; p = 0.0076). Moreover, repeated states of suppression can be stably induced. Our results suggest that long chronicity and residual inhibition susceptibility could be indicators for hidden lesions along the auditory pathway in subjects with normal hearing thresholds at their tinnitus frequency.

[Read more…] about Susceptibility to Residual Inhibition is Associated with Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Chronicity [Preprint]

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in tinnitus patients exhibiting severe distress: severity of tinnitus is associated with genetic background

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-69467-0

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69467-0

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32747715/

TITLE:
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in tinnitus patients exhibiting severe distress

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Tue, 04 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Takahisa Watabe,Sho Kanzaki,Noriko Sato,Tatsuo Matsunaga,Masaaki Muramatsu,Kaoru Ogawa

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DESCRIPTION:

The association between distress caused by tinnitus and psychological factors such as depression and anxiety has been examined and reported. However, prognostic factors remain poorly understood because there are only a few reports on genetic associations. We theorized there might be an association between the grade of tinnitus distress and the genetic background related to psychological factors which might lead us to identify prognostic markers. We enrolled 138 patients who had suffered from…

CONTENT:

Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 3;10(1):13023. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69467-0.

ABSTRACT

The association between distress caused by tinnitus and psychological factors such as depression and anxiety has been examined and reported. However, prognostic factors remain poorly understood because there are only a few reports on genetic associations. We theorized there might be an association between the grade of tinnitus distress and the genetic background related to psychological factors which might lead us to identify prognostic markers. We enrolled 138 patients who had suffered from tinnitus for over 3 months. Using Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scores, we examined the association between tinnitus distress and a genetic background related to depression or anxiety. A significant association between single nucleotide polymorphism rs131702 of the Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR) gene and the severe THI score was identified. In addition, there was an association with the severity of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, an index of state anxiety severity. No association was found with the Self-Rating Depression Scale, an index of depression severity. It is reported that rs131702 of BCR in Japanese patients are related to bipolar II depression characterized by fluctuation between abnormal mood states of mania and depression. Our results indicate that rs131702 of BCR is independent of depression in this study and is, therefore, a prognostic factor unique to tinnitus. We conclude that the severity of tinnitus is associated with genes related to depression.

PMID:32747715 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-69467-0

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32747715

OTHER ID:
pmid:32747715,doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69467-0

PUBLICATION DATE:
Tue, 04 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-08-05

RETRIEVAL DATE :
08/04/20 06:46AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32747715/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200804064627&v=2.11.4

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69467-0

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Analysis of cerebellum with magnetic resonance 3D T1 sequence in individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32748247?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Analysis of cerebellum with magnetic resonance 3D T1 sequence in individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus.

DESCRIPTION:
Related Articles

Analysis of cerebellum with magnetic resonance 3D T1 sequence in individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus.

Acta Neurol Belg. 2020 Aug 03;:

Authors: Sahin C, Avnioglu S, Ozen O, Candan B

Abstract

Tinnitus is a symptom in which the patient can hear ringing, buzzing and similar sounds in the ear for 3 months longer. In our study, we aimed to analyse the cerebellum volume and cerebellum connections in patients with chronic tinnitus using VolBrain program. A total number of 10 patients and 10 otherwise healthy peoples records were then enrolled. Volumetric analysis was performed with automated segmentation of the cerebellum and its lobules, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The mean volumes of 10 cerebellar volume were compared between the tinnitus and control groups. Quadrangular lobular portion of the cerebellum, the flocculonodular part and the volume of the central cerebellar lobule were decreased in the tinnitus group. White and grey matter decreased and the amygdala size was increased. We found statistically important volumetric changes in our study. VolBrain can be used in the future for analysing, diagnosis and treatment tinnitus patients. We recommend to use this practical, free of charge and easy programme to analyse for tinnitus patients. This may provide us with practical and useful information about the disease. In patients with tinnitus, the volume loss was 17.48% in the quadrangular lobe, 21% in the central lobule, and 9.33% in the total cerebellum volume.

PMID: 32748247 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

PMID:
PubMed:32748247

DATE FOUND:
08/05/20 06:03AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32748247?dopt=Abstract

Association between Hyperacusis and Tinnitus

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/8/2412/htm

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082412

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32731492/

TITLE:
Association between Hyperacusis and Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Fri, 31 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Christopher R Cederroth,Alessandra Lugo,Niklas K Edvall,Andra Lazar,Jose-Antonio Lopez-Escamez,Jan Bulla,Inger Uhlen,Derek J Hoare,David M Baguley,Barbara Canlon,Silvano Gallus

SOURCE:
Journal of clinical medicine

DESCRIPTION:

Many individuals with tinnitus report experiencing hyperacusis (enhanced sensitivity to sounds). However, estimates of the association between hyperacusis and tinnitus is lacking. Here, we investigate this relationship in a Swedish study. A total of 3645 participants (1984 with tinnitus and 1661 without tinnitus) were enrolled via LifeGene, a study from the general Swedish population, aged 18-90 years, and provided information on socio-demographic characteristics, as well as presence of…

CONTENT:

J Clin Med. 2020 Jul 28;9(8):E2412. doi: 10.3390/jcm9082412.

ABSTRACT

Many individuals with tinnitus report experiencing hyperacusis (enhanced sensitivity to sounds). However, estimates of the association between hyperacusis and tinnitus is lacking. Here, we investigate this relationship in a Swedish study. A total of 3645 participants (1984 with tinnitus and 1661 without tinnitus) were enrolled via LifeGene, a study from the general Swedish population, aged 18-90 years, and provided information on socio-demographic characteristics, as well as presence of hyperacusis and its severity. Tinnitus presence and severity were self-reported or assessed using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Phenotypes of tinnitus with (n = 1388) or without (n = 1044) hyperacusis were also compared. Of 1661 participants without tinnitus, 1098 (66.1%) were women and 563 were men (33.9%), and the mean (SD) age was 45.1 (12.9). Of 1984 participants with tinnitus, 1034 (52.1%) were women and 950 (47.9%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 47.7 (14.0) years. Hyperacusis was associated with any tinnitus [Odds ratio (OR) 3.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.99-4.13], self-reported severe tinnitus (OR 7.43, 95% CI 5.06-10.9), and THI ≥ 58 (OR 12.1, 95% CI 7.06-20.6). The association with THI ≥ 58 was greater with increasing severity of hyperacusis, the ORs being 8.15 (95% CI 4.68-14.2) for moderate and 77.4 (95% CI 35.0-171.3) for severe hyperacusis. No difference between sexes was observed in the association between hyperacusis and tinnitus. The occurrence of hyperacusis in severe tinnitus is as high as 80%, showing a very tight relationship. Discriminating the pathophysiological mechanisms between the two conditions in cases of severe tinnitus will be challenging, and optimized study designs are necessary to better understand the mechanisms behind the strong relationship between hyperacusis and tinnitus.

PMID:32731492 | DOI:10.3390/jcm9082412

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32731492

OTHER ID:
pmid:32731492,doi:10.3390/jcm9082412

PUBLICATION DATE:
Fri, 31 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-08-01

RETRIEVAL DATE :
07/31/20 12:03PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32731492/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200731120336&v=2.11.4

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082412

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

The Efficacy of Intratympanic Steroid Injection (Dexamethasone) in Tinnitus Cases Unresponsive to Medical Treatment

https://www.advancedotology.org/en/the-efficacy-of-intratympanic-steroid-injection-in-tinnitus-cases-unresponsive-to-medical-treatment-131545

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32784157/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784157?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
The Efficacy of Intratympanic Steroid Injection in Tinnitus Cases Unresponsive to Medical Treatment.

DESCRIPTION:
Related Articles

The Efficacy of Intratympanic Steroid Injection in Tinnitus Cases Unresponsive to Medical Treatment.

J Int Adv Otol. 2020 Aug;16(2):197-200

Authors: Yener HM, Sarı E, Aslan M, Yollu U, Gözen ED, İnci E

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy of an intratympanic steroid injection in tinnitus cases unresponsive to medical treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out at the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department with 107 patients (46 male, 61 female) between the ages of 20 and 77 with a mean of 42.8 years who had idiopathic tinnitus. Patients were randomized by simple randomization to receive intratympanic dexamethasone or isotonic solution. The patients received six intratympanic injections, two per week for three weeks. Tinnitus handicap index (THI) was performed before treatment and at first week, first month, and six months after the completion of the study protocol. The audiometric tests were performed six months after the treatment.

RESULT: In the study group, pretreatment THI and post-treatment first month THI scores and pretreatment THI and post-treatment sixth month THI scores were significantly different whereas the same scores were not significantly different in the control group. The comparison of THI scores between the groups revealed significantly lower scores in the first and sixth months for the study group.

CONCLUSION: The effect of the intratympanic injection of dexamethasone on the efficacy of treatment of tinnitus severity was statistically significant.

PMID: 32784157 [PubMed – in process]

PMID:
PubMed:32784157

DATE FOUND:
08/14/20 06:03AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784157?dopt=Abstract

Analysis of Auditory Brainstem Response Change, according to Tinnitus Duration, in Patients with Tinnitus with Normal Hearing

https://www.advancedotology.org/en/analysis-of-auditory-brainstem-response-change-according-to-tinnitus-duration-in-patients-with-tinnitus-with-normal-hearing-131546

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784156?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Analysis of Auditory Brainstem Response Change, according to Tinnitus Duration, in Patients with Tinnitus with Normal Hearing.

DESCRIPTION:
Related Articles

Analysis of Auditory Brainstem Response Change, according to Tinnitus Duration, in Patients with Tinnitus with Normal Hearing.

J Int Adv Otol. 2020 Aug;16(2):190-196

Authors: Joo JW, Jeong YJ, Han MS, Chang YS, Rah YC, Choi J

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze auditory brainstem response (ABR) waveforms of patients with tinnitus with normal hearing, according to tinnitus duration, and demonstrate the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of tinnitus.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2016 to December 2017, patients who presented to our hospital with tinnitus as their chief complaint were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. Pure tone audiometry and ABR tests were performed. The patients were classified into three groups according to tinnitus duration: acute (<1 month), subacute (1-6 months), and chronic (>6 months). The amplitudes of waves I and V and the latencies of waves I, III, and V were evaluated. In this study, 177 ears of 128 patients with tinnitus with normal hearing were evaluated.

RESULTS: Wave V amplitude was significantly lower during the subacute phase than during the acute phase. The absolute latency value of wave V was greater during the subacute phase than during the acute phase. The interpeak latency I-V was significantly prolonged during the subacute phase compared with the acute and chronic phases. Wave V amplitude, wave V absolute latency, and interpeak latency I-V varied significantly between cases with a 1-month and 6-month tinnitus history.

CONCLUSION: The compensatory response to tinnitus decreased sharply after 1 month of symptoms. Early tinnitus identification and treatment initiation are recommended.

PMID: 32784156 [PubMed – in process]

PMID:
PubMed:32784156

DATE FOUND:
08/14/20 06:03AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784156?dopt=Abstract

Loss of Cochlear Ribbon Synapse Is a Critical Contributor to Chronic Salicylate Sodium Treatment-Induced Tinnitus without Change Hearing Threshold

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2020/3949161/

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3949161

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32774354/

TITLE:
Loss of Cochlear Ribbon Synapse Is a Critical Contributor to Chronic Salicylate Sodium Treatment-Induced Tinnitus without Change Hearing Threshold

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 10 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Wei Zhang,Zhe Peng,ShuKui Yu,Qing-Ling Song,Teng-Fei Qu,Lu He,Ke Liu,Shu-Sheng Gong

SOURCE:
Neural plasticity

DESCRIPTION:

Tinnitus is a common auditory disease worldwide; it is estimated that more than 10% of all individuals experience this hearing disorder during their lifetime. Tinnitus is sometimes accompanied by hearing loss. However, hearing loss is not acquired in some other tinnitus generations. In this study, we injected adult rats with salicylate sodium (SS) (200 mg/kg/day for 10 days) and found no significant hearing threshold changes at 2, 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, 20, or 24 kHz (all p > 0.05). Tinnitus was…

CONTENT:

Neural Plast. 2020 Jul 25;2020:3949161. doi: 10.1155/2020/3949161. eCollection 2020.

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is a common auditory disease worldwide; it is estimated that more than 10% of all individuals experience this hearing disorder during their lifetime. Tinnitus is sometimes accompanied by hearing loss. However, hearing loss is not acquired in some other tinnitus generations. In this study, we injected adult rats with salicylate sodium (SS) (200 mg/kg/day for 10 days) and found no significant hearing threshold changes at 2, 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, 20, or 24 kHz (all p > 0.05). Tinnitus was confirmed in the treated rats via Behaviour Testing of Acoustic Startle Response (ASR) and Gap Prepulse Inhibition Test of Acoustic Startle Reflex (GPIAS). A immunostaining study showed that there is significant loss of anti-CtBP2 puncta (a marker of cochlear inner hair cell (HC) ribbon synapses) in treated animals in apical, middle, and basal turns (all p < 0.05). The ABR wave I amplitudes were significantly reduced at 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, and 20 kHz (all p < 0.05). No significant losses of outer HCs, inner HCs, or HC cilia were observed (all p > 0.05). Thus, our study suggests that loss of cochlear inner HC ribbon synapse after SS exposure is a contributor to the development of tinnitus without changing hearing threshold.

PMID:32774354 | PMC:PMC7397434 | DOI:10.1155/2020/3949161

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32774354

OTHER ID:
pmid:32774354,pmc:PMC7397434,doi:10.1155/2020/3949161

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 10 Aug 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-08-11

RETRIEVAL DATE :
08/10/20 07:09PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32774354/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200810190905&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3949161

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Genetic Inheritance and Its Contribution to Tinnitus

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F7854_2020_155

https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_155

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32705497/

TITLE:
Genetic Inheritance and Its Contribution to Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Fri, 24 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Sana Amanat,Alvaro Gallego-Martinez,Jose A Lopez-Escamez

SOURCE:
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

DESCRIPTION:

Tinnitus is the abnormal perception of sound that affects more than 15% of adult population around the globe. Severe tinnitus is considered a complex disorder that arises as result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, and it is associated with several comorbidities such as hearing loss, anxiety, and insomnia. We begin this review with an introduction to human molecular genetics and the role of genetic variation on the inheritance. There are some genetic reports on tinnitus…

CONTENT:

Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2020 Jul 24. doi: 10.1007/7854_2020_155. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is the abnormal perception of sound that affects more than 15% of adult population around the globe. Severe tinnitus is considered a complex disorder that arises as result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, and it is associated with several comorbidities such as hearing loss, anxiety, and insomnia. We begin this review with an introduction to human molecular genetics and the role of genetic variation on the inheritance. There are some genetic reports on tinnitus heritability including concordance studies in twins and adoptees or aggregation in families providing some evidence for familial aggregation in patients with severe tinnitus and high concordance in monozygotic twins with bilateral tinnitus. So, sex differences in familial aggregation and heritability of bilateral tinnitus suggest a potential sexual dimorphism in tinnitus inheritance.Molecular genetic studies have been demonstrated to be a useful tool to understand the role of genetic variation in rare diseases and complex disorders. The reported associations in common variants in neurotrophic factors such as GDNF, BDNF, or potassium channels genes were underpowered, and the lack of replication questions these findings. Although candidate gene approaches have failed in replicating these genetic associations, the development of high throughput sequencing technology and the selection of extreme phenotypes are strategies that will allow the clinicians and researchers to combine genetic information with clinical data to implement a personalized diagnosis and therapy in patients with tinnitus.

PMID:32705497 | DOI:10.1007/7854_2020_155

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32705497

OTHER ID:
pmid:32705497,doi:10.1007/7854_2020_155

PUBLICATION DATE:
Fri, 24 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-07-25

RETRIEVAL DATE :
07/24/20 11:47AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32705497/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200724114722&v=2.11.2

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_155

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

A Case Report of High Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Otalgia and Tinnitus

https://journals.lww.com/aacr/Abstract/2020/07000/A_Case_Report_of_High_Cervical_Spinal_Cord.24.aspx

https://doi.org/10.1213/XAA.0000000000001261

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32909723/

TITLE:
A Case Report of High Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Otalgia and Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Thu, 10 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Caitlin M Gray,Adejuyigbe Olusegun Adaralegbe,Sanjeev Kumar

SOURCE:
A&A practice

DESCRIPTION:

Neuromodulation continues to grow in its scope and application in the relief of chronic and debilitating disorders. Both otalgia and tinnitus can be multifactorial in etiology, with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This is a case of spinal cord stimulator placement providing a patient with near total relief of otalgia, total relief of tinnitus, and mild improvement in sensorineural hearing loss. We believe that this is the first report showing benefit of high spinal cord stimulation in…

CONTENT:

A A Pract. 2020 Jul;14(9):e01261. doi: 10.1213/XAA.0000000000001261.

ABSTRACT

Neuromodulation continues to grow in its scope and application in the relief of chronic and debilitating disorders. Both otalgia and tinnitus can be multifactorial in etiology, with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This is a case of spinal cord stimulator placement providing a patient with near total relief of otalgia, total relief of tinnitus, and mild improvement in sensorineural hearing loss. We believe that this is the first report showing benefit of high spinal cord stimulation in tinnitus, and we consider whether there are neuronal connections between upper cervical nerve roots and the auditory pathways.

PMID:32909723 | DOI:10.1213/XAA.0000000000001261

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32909723

OTHER ID:
pmid:32909723,doi:10.1213/XAA.0000000000001261

PUBLICATION DATE:
Thu, 10 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-10

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/10/20 12:22PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32909723/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200910122238&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1213/XAA.0000000000001261

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Increasing endogenous activity of NMDARs on GABAergic neurons prevents noise-induced tinnitus

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-68652-5

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68652-5

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32686710/

TITLE:
Increasing endogenous activity of NMDARs on GABAergic neurons increases inhibition, alters sensory processing and prevents noise-induced tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 20 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Di Deng,Samer Masri,Lulu Yao,Xiaoyan Ma,Xuebing Cao,Sungchil Yang,Shaowen Bao,Qiang Zhou

SOURCE:
Scientific reports

DESCRIPTION:

Selective enhancement of GABAergic inhibition is thought to impact many vital brain functions and interferes with the genesis and/or progression of numerous brain disorders. Here, we show that selectively increasing NMDA receptor activity in inhibitory neurons using an NMDAR positive allosteric modulator (PAM) elevates spiking activity of inhibitory neurons in vitro and in vivo. In vivo infusion of PAM increases spontaneous and sound-evoked spiking in inhibitory and decreases spiking in…

CONTENT:

Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 20;10(1):11969. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68652-5.

ABSTRACT

Selective enhancement of GABAergic inhibition is thought to impact many vital brain functions and interferes with the genesis and/or progression of numerous brain disorders. Here, we show that selectively increasing NMDA receptor activity in inhibitory neurons using an NMDAR positive allosteric modulator (PAM) elevates spiking activity of inhibitory neurons in vitro and in vivo. In vivo infusion of PAM increases spontaneous and sound-evoked spiking in inhibitory and decreases spiking in excitatory neurons, and increases signal-to-noise ratio in the primary auditory cortex. In addition, PAM infusion prior to noise trauma prevents the occurrence of tinnitus and reduction in GABAergic inhibition. These results reveal that selectively enhancing endogenous NMDAR activity on the GABAergic neurons can effectively enhance inhibitory activity and alter excitatory-inhibitory balance, and may be useful for preventing diseases that involve reduced inhibition as the major cause.

PMID:32686710 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-68652-5

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32686710

OTHER ID:
pmid:32686710,doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68652-5

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 20 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-07-21

RETRIEVAL DATE :
07/20/20 05:51PM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32686710/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200720175142&v=2.11.2

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68652-5

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Nitric oxide increases gain within the ventral cochlear nucleus of guinea pigs with tinnitus

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ejn.14913

https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14913

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32686192/

TITLE:
Nitric oxide increases gain within the ventral cochlear nucleus of guinea pigs with tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 20 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Adam Hockley,Joel I Berger,Alan R Palmer,Mark N Wallace

SOURCE:
The European journal of neuroscience

DESCRIPTION:

Previous work has led to the hypothesis that, during the production of noise-induced tinnitus, higher levels of nitric oxide (NO), in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN), increase the gain applied to a reduced input from the cochlea. To test this hypothesis, we noise-exposed 26 guinea pigs, identified evidence of tinnitus in 12 of them and then compared the effects of an iontophoretically applied NO donor or production inhibitor on VCN single unit activity. We confirmed that the mean driven…

CONTENT:

Eur J Neurosci. 2020 Jul 19. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14913. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Previous work has led to the hypothesis that, during the production of noise-induced tinnitus, higher levels of nitric oxide (NO), in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN), increase the gain applied to a reduced input from the cochlea. To test this hypothesis, we noise-exposed 26 guinea pigs, identified evidence of tinnitus in 12 of them and then compared the effects of an iontophoretically applied NO donor or production inhibitor on VCN single unit activity. We confirmed that the mean driven firing rate for the tinnitus and control groups were the same while it had fallen in the non-tinnitus group. By contrast, the mean spontaneous rate had increased for the tinnitus group relative to control while it remained the same for the non-tinnitus group. A greater proportion of units responded to exogenously applied NO in the tinnitus (56%) and non-tinnitus groups (71%) than a control population (24%). In the tinnitus group, endogenous NO facilitated the driven firing rate in 37% (7/19) of neurons and appeared to bring the mean driven rate back up to control levels by a mechanism involving N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. By contrast, in the non-tinnitus group, endogenous NO only facilitated the driven firing rate in 5% (1/22) of neurons and there was no facilitation of driven rate in the control group. The effects of endogenous NO on spontaneous activity were unclear. These results suggest that NO is involved in increasing the gain applied to driven activity but other factors are also involved in the increase in spontaneous activity.

PMID:32686192 | DOI:10.1111/ejn.14913

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32686192

OTHER ID:
pmid:32686192,doi:10.1111/ejn.14913

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 20 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-07-21

RETRIEVAL DATE :
07/20/20 06:29AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32686192/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200720062939&v=2.11.2

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14913

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Potential Role of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Interventions (NIBS) in Tinnitus Management

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/article-abstract/2767836

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32644131?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Association of Central Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Interventions With Efficacy and Safety in Tinnitus Management: A Meta-analysis.

DESCRIPTION:
Association of Central Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Interventions With Efficacy and Safety in Tinnitus Management: A Meta-analysis.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Jul 09;:

Authors: Chen JJ, Zeng BS, Wu CN, Stubbs B, Carvalho AF, Brunoni AR, Su KP, Tu YK, Wu YC, Chen TY, Lin PY, Liang CS, Hsu CW, Hsu SP, Kuo HC, Chen YW, Tseng PT, Li CT

Abstract

Importance: Tinnitus has a prevalence of 10% to 25% and is frequently associated with numerous complications, such as neuropsychiatric disease. Traditional treatments have failed to meet the needs of patients with tinnitus. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) can focally modify cortical functioning and has been proposed as a strategy for reducing tinnitus severity. However, the results have been inconclusive.

Objective: To evaluate the association between different central NIBS therapies and efficacy and acceptability for treatment of tinnitus.

Data Sources: ClinicalKey, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to August 4, 2019. No language restriction was applied. Manual searches were performed for potentially eligible articles selected from the reference lists of review articles and pairwise meta-analyses.

Study Selection: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the central NIBS method used in patients with unilateral or bilateral tinnitus were included in the current network meta-analysis. The central NIBS method was compared with sham, waiting list, or active controls. Studies that were not clinical trials or RCTs and did not report the outcome of interest were excluded.

Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two authors independently screened the studies, extracted the relevant information, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. In cases of discrepancy, a third author became involved. If manuscript data were not available, the corresponding authors or coauthors were approached to obtain the original data. This network meta-analysis was based on the frequentist model.

Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was change in the severity of tinnitus. Secondary outcomes were changes in quality of life and the response rate related to the NIBS method in patients with tinnitus.

Results: Overall, 32 unique RCTs were included with 1458 unique participants (mean female proportion, 34.4% [range, 0%-81.2%]; mean age, 49.6 [range, 40.0-62.8] years; median age, 49.8 [interquartile range, 48.1-52.4] years). The results of the network meta-analysis revealed that cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex combined with transcranial random noise stimulation over the bilateral auditory cortex was associated with the greatest improvement in tinnitus severity (standardized mean difference [SMD], -1.89; 95% CI, -3.00 to -0.78) and quality of life (SMD, -1.24; 95% CI, -2.02 to -0.45) compared with the controls. Improvement in tinnitus severity ranked more favorably for continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) over both auditory cortices (SMD, -0.79; 95% CI = -1.57 to -0.01) than cTBS over only the left auditory cortex (SMD, -0.30; 95% CI, -0.87 to 0.28), compared with controls. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with priming had a superior beneficial association with tinnitus severity compared with the strategies without priming. None of the investigated NIBS types had a significantly different dropout rate compared with that of the control group.

Conclusions and Relevance: This network meta-analysis suggests a potential role of NIBS interventions in tinnitus management. Future large-scale RCTs focusing on longer follow-up and different priming procedure NIBS are warranted to confirm these findings.

PMID: 32644131 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

PMID:
PubMed:32644131

DATE FOUND:
07/10/20 06:03AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32644131?dopt=Abstract

Fluctuations in Subjective Tinnitus Ratings Over Time: Implications for Clinical Research

https://journals.lww.com/otology-neurotology/Abstract/2020/10000/Fluctuations_in_Subjective_Tinnitus_Ratings_Over.37.aspx

https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32925865/

TITLE:
Fluctuations in Subjective Tinnitus Ratings Over Time: Implications for Clinical Research

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Mon, 14 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Jenny X Chen,Jonathon P Whitton,Aravindakshan Parthasarathy,Kenneth E Hancock,Daniel B Polley

SOURCE:
Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

DESCRIPTION:

CONCLUSIONS: Tinnitus self-report is inherently variable but can converge on reliable values with extended testing. Repeated, self-directed tinnitus assessments may have implications for identifying malingerers. Further, these findings suggest that extending the baseline phase of tinnitus characterizations will increase the statistical power for future studies focused on tinnitus interventions.

CONTENT:

Otol Neurotol. 2020 Oct;41(9):e1167-e1173. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Patients with chronic, subjective tinnitus are often administered a battery of audiometric tests to characterize their tinnitus percept. Even a comprehensive battery, if applied just once, cannot capture fluctuations in tinnitus strength or quality over time. Moreover, subjects experience a learning curve when reporting the detailed characteristics of their tinnitus percept, such that a single assessment will reflect a lack of familiarity with test requirements. We addressed these challenges by programming an automated software platform for at-home tinnitus characterization over a 2-week period.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case series.

SETTING: Tertiary referral center, patients’ homes.

INTERVENTIONS: Following an initial clinic visit, 25 subjects with chronic subjective tinnitus returned home with a tablet computer and calibrated headphones to complete questionnaires, hearing tests, and tinnitus psychoacoustic testing. We repeatedly characterized loudness discomfort levels and tinnitus matching over a 2-week period.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes included intrasubject variability in loudness discomfort levels, tinnitus intensity, and tinnitus acoustic matching over the course of testing.

RESULTS: Within-subject variability for all outcome measures could be reduced by approximately 25 to 50% by excluding initial measurements and by focusing only on tinnitus matching attempts where subjects report high confidence in the accuracy of their ratings.

CONCLUSIONS: Tinnitus self-report is inherently variable but can converge on reliable values with extended testing. Repeated, self-directed tinnitus assessments may have implications for identifying malingerers. Further, these findings suggest that extending the baseline phase of tinnitus characterizations will increase the statistical power for future studies focused on tinnitus interventions.

PMID:32925865 | DOI:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32925865

OTHER ID:
pmid:32925865,doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759

PUBLICATION DATE:
Mon, 14 Sep 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-09-14

RETRIEVAL DATE :
09/15/20 01:00AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32925865/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200915010008&v=2.11.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Originally published: July 3, 2020
doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002759

Evidence of Reorganization of Brain White Matter in Persistent Idiopathic Tinnitus Patients Without Hearing Loss Suggests Close Relationship Between Tinnitus and Limbic System

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.00591/full

https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00591

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32612504/

Evidence of Reorganization of Brain White Matter in Persistent Idiopathic Tinnitus Patients Without Hearing Loss Suggest Close Relationship Between Tinnitus and Limbic System

TITLE:
Reorganization of Brain White Matter in Persistent Idiopathic Tinnitus Patients Without Hearing Loss: Evidence From Baseline Data

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Thu, 02 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Qian Chen,Zhaodi Wang,Han Lv,Pengfei Zhao,Zhenghan Yang,Shusheng Gong,Zhenchang Wang

SOURCE:
Frontiers in neuroscience

DESCRIPTION:

It remains unknown whether tinnitus or tinnitus-related hearing loss (HL) could indirectly impair or reshape the white matter (WM) of the human brain. We aim to explore the possible brain WM change in tinnitus patients without HL and further to investigate their associations with clinical variables. Structural and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of 20 idiopathic tinnitus patients without HL and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial…

CONTENT:

Chen Q, et al. Front Neurosci 2020.

ABSTRACT

It remains unknown whether tinnitus or tinnitus-related hearing loss (HL) could indirectly impair or reshape the white matter (WM) of the human brain. We aim to explore the possible brain WM change in tinnitus patients without HL and further to investigate their associations with clinical variables. Structural and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of 20 idiopathic tinnitus patients without HL and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis were conducted to investigate the differences in WM volume and integrity between patients and HCs, separately. We extracted WM parameters to determine a sensitive imaging index to differentiate the idiopathic tinnitus patients from the HCs in the early stage. Correlations between the clinical variables and WM indices were also performed in patients. Compared with the controls, the tinnitus patients without HL exhibited significant decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the body and genu of corpus callosum (CC), left cingulum (LC) and right cingulum (RC), and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (RSLF) and increase in mean diffusivity (MD) in the body of CC in WM. Moreover, the patients also showed decreases in WM axial diffusivity (AD) in LC, left superior longitudinal fasciculus (LSLF), and right interior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) and increases in radial diffusivity (RD) in the body and genu of CC and RSLF (p < 0.05, voxel-level FWE corrected). Furthermore, the increased RD value of the genu of CC is closely associated with the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) subscale scores. No WMV changes were detected in tinnitus patients. We combined the altered WM integrity index of body and genu of CC and LC and RSLF as an index to differentiate the two groups and reached a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 77.3%. Our findings suggest that tinnitus without HL is associated with significant alterations of WM integrity. These changes may be irrespective of the duration and other clinical performance. The combination of diffusion indices of body and genu of CC and LC and RSLF might be used as the potential useful imaging index for the diagnosis of persistent idiopathic tinnitus without HL in the early stage. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we identified that tinnitus without HL can result in significant alterations in brain white matter microstructure, and some of the changes were related to the tinnitus severity. The changes in patients’ WM integrity suggested that there is a close relationship between tinnitus and the limbic system. Moreover, the combination of diffusion parameters of body and genu of CC and LC and RSLF could be used as a valuable imaging index for the diagnosis of early persistent idiopathic tinnitus without HL. These findings added new evidence for the understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of tinnitus. PMID:32612504 | PMC:PMC7308730 | DOI:10.3389/fnins.2020.00591

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32612504

OTHER ID:
pmid:32612504,pmc:PMC7308730,doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00591

PUBLICATION DATE:
Thu, 02 Jul 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-07-03

RETRIEVAL DATE :
07/02/20 07:15AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32612504/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200702071500&v=2.9.5

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00591

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Tinnitus: Results of a Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study

https://journals.lww.com/ear-hearing/Abstract/9000/Dorsomedial_Prefrontal_Cortex_Repetitive.98636.aspx

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32639254?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Tinnitus: Promising Results of a Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study.

DESCRIPTION:
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Tinnitus: Promising Results of a Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study.

Ear Hear. 2020 Jul 02;:

Authors: Ciminelli P, Machado S, Palmeira M, Coutinho ESF, Sender D, Nardi AE

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Tinnitus is the perception of sound in ears or head without corresponding external stimulus. Despite the great amount of literature concerning tinnitus treatment, there are still no evidence-based established treatments for curing or for effectively reducing tinnitus intensity. Sham-controlled studies revealed beneficial effects using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Still, results show moderate, temporary improvement and high individual variability. Subcallosal area (ventral and dorsomedial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices) has been implicated in tinnitus pathophysiology. Our objective is to evaluate the use of bilateral, high frequency, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) rTMS in treatment of chronic subjective tinnitus.

DESIGN: Randomized placebo-controlled, single-blinded clinical trial. Twenty sessions of bilateral, 10 Hz rTMS at 120% of resting motor threshold of extensor hallucis longus were applied over the DMPFC. Fourteen patients underwent sham rTMS and 15 were submitted to active stimulation. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), visual analog scale, and tinnitus loudness matching were obtained at baseline and on follow-up visits. The impact of intervention on outcome measures was evaluated using mixed-effects restricted maximum likelihood regression model for longitudinal data.

RESULTS: A difference of 11.53 points in the THI score was found, favoring the intervention group (p = 0.05). The difference for tinnitus loudness matching was of 4.46 dB also favoring the intervention group (p = 0.09).

CONCLUSIONS: Tinnitus treatment with high frequency, bilateral, DMPFC rTMS was effective in reducing tinnitus severity measured by THI and matched tinnitus loudness when compared to sham stimulation.

PMID: 32639254 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

PMID:
PubMed:32639254

DATE FOUND:
07/09/20 06:01AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32639254?dopt=Abstract

Auditory Neural Plasticity in Tinnitus Mechanisms and Management

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2020/7438461/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32684922?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Auditory Neural Plasticity in Tinnitus Mechanisms and Management.

DESCRIPTION:
Related Articles

Auditory Neural Plasticity in Tinnitus Mechanisms and Management.

Neural Plast. 2020;2020:7438461

Authors: Wang K, Tang D, Ma J, Sun S

Abstract

Tinnitus, which is the perception of sound in the absence of a corresponding external acoustic stimulus, including change of hearing and neural plasticity, has become an increasingly important ailment affecting the daily life of a considerable proportion of the population and causing significant burdens for both the affected individuals and society as a whole. Here, we briefly review the epidemiology and classification of tinnitus, and the currently available treatments are discussed in terms of the available evidence for their mechanisms and efficacy. The conclusion drawn from the available evidence is that there is no specific medication for tinnitus treatment at present, and tinnitus management might provide better solutions. Therapeutic interventions for tinnitus should be based on a comprehensive understanding of the etiology and features of individual cases of tinnitus, and more high quality and large-scale research studies are urgently needed to develop more efficacious medications.

PMID: 32684922 [PubMed – in process]

PMID:
PubMed:32684922

DATE FOUND:
07/21/20 06:00AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32684922?dopt=Abstract

Aberrant Functional and Causal Connectivity in Acute Tinnitus With Sensorineural Hearing Loss

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.00592/full

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714128?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Aberrant Functional and Causal Connectivity in Acute Tinnitus With Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

DESCRIPTION:
Related Articles

Aberrant Functional and Causal Connectivity in Acute Tinnitus With Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Front Neurosci. 2020;14:592

Authors: Cai Y, Xie M, Su Y, Tong Z, Wu X, Xu W, Li J, Zhao F, Dang C, Chen G, Lan L, Shen J, Zheng Y

Abstract

Purpose: The neural bases in acute tinnitus remains largely undetected. The objective of this study was to identify the alteration of the brain network involved in patients with acute tinnitus and hearing loss.

Methods: Acute tinnitus patients (n = 24) with hearing loss and age-, sex-, education-matched healthy controls (n = 21) participated in the current study and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. Regional homogeneity and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation were used to investigate the local spontaneous neural activity and functional connectivity (FC), and Granger causality analysis (GCA) was used to analyze the undirected and directed connectivity of brain regions.

Results: Compared with healthy subjects, acute tinnitus patients had a general reduction in FC between auditory and non-auditory brain regions. Based on FC analysis, the superior temporal gyrus (STG) revealed reduced undirected connectivity with non-auditory brain regions including the amygdala (AMYG), nucleus accumbens (NAc), the cerebellum, and postcentral gyrus (PoCG). Using the GCA algorithm, increased effective connectivity from the right AMYG to the right STG, and reduced connectivity from the right PoCG to the left NAc was observed in acute tinnitus patients with hearing loss. The pure-tone threshold was positively correlated with FC between the AMYG and STG, and negatively correlated with FC between the left NAc and the right PoCG. In addition, a negative association between the GCA value from the right PoCG to the left NAc and the THI scores was observed.

Conclusion: Acute tinnitus patients have aberrant FC strength and causal connectivity in both the auditory and non-auditory cortex, especially in the STG, AMYG, and NAc. The current findings will provide a new perspective for understanding the neuropathophysiological mechanism in acute tinnitus.

PMID: 32714128 [PubMed]

PMID:
PubMed:32714128

DATE FOUND:
07/28/20 06:10AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714128?dopt=Abstract

Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Tinnitus

https://www.ejao.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.7874/jao.2020.00052

https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2020.00052

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32575951/

TITLE:
Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Tinnitus

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Wed, 24 Jun 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Berthold Langguth

SOURCE:
Journal of audiology & otology

DESCRIPTION:

Tinnitus is a prevalent disorder that has no cure currently. Within the last two decades, neuroscientific research has facilitated a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the generation and maintenance of tinnitus, and the brain and nerves have been identified as potential targets for its treatment using non-invasive brain stimulation methods. This article reviews studies on tinnitus patients using transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical…

CONTENT:

Langguth B. J Audiol Otol 2020.

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is a prevalent disorder that has no cure currently. Within the last two decades, neuroscientific research has facilitated a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the generation and maintenance of tinnitus, and the brain and nerves have been identified as potential targets for its treatment using non-invasive brain stimulation methods. This article reviews studies on tinnitus patients using transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, such as transcranial direct current stimulation, alternating current stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation as well as transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and bimodal combined auditory and somatosensory stimulation. Although none of these approaches has demonstrated effects that would justify its use in routine treatment, the studies have provided important insights into tinnitus pathophysiology. Moreover bimodal stimulation, which has only been developed recently, has shown promising results in pilot trials and is a candidate for further development into a valuable treatment procedure.

PMID:32575951 | DOI:10.7874/jao.2020.00052

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32575951

OTHER ID:
pmid:32575951,doi:10.7874/jao.2020.00052

PUBLICATION DATE:
Wed, 24 Jun 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-06-25

RETRIEVAL DATE :
06/24/20 06:29AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32575951/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200624062955&v=2.9.2

LINK – DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2020.00052

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Impact of Acamprosate on Chronic Tinnitus: a subjective relief of tinnitus as well as some degree of the electrophysiological improvement at the level of the cochlear and the distal portion of the auditory nerve among subjects who received acamprosate

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0003489420930773

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32500717?dopt=Abstract

TITLE:
Impact of Acamprosate on Chronic Tinnitus: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

DESCRIPTION:
Impact of Acamprosate on Chronic Tinnitus: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2020 Jun 05;:3489420930773

Authors: Farhadi M, Salem MM, Asghari A, Daneshi A, Mirsalehi M, Mahmoudian S

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Tinnitus is a common and distressing otologic symptom, with various probable pathophysiologic mechanisms, such as an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms. Acamprosate, generally used to treat alcoholism, is a glutaminergic antagonist and GABA agonist suggested for treating tinnitus. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acamprosate in the treatment of tinnitus.

METHODS: The current randomized-controlled trial study included 20 subjects with chronic tinnitus. After performing psycho-acoustic, psychometric and electrophysiological evaluations, all studied tinnitus subjects were randomly divided into two groups of acamprosate and placebo. The first group received oral acamprosate (two tablets of 333 mg/d, three times a day), whereas the second group was given placebo treatment (two tablets, three times a day). After the first 30 days, all evaluations were repeated for the studied groups just in the same manner before the study. Subsequently, the final results of each evaluation were compared together with the baseline values.

RESULTS: Nine studied subjects randomly received acamprosate, whereas eleven others received a placebo. There was no significant improvement in the psycho-acoustic tests, except a decrease was observed in the pitch match of tinnitus (P = .039). For those subjects who were receiving acamprosate, a significant reduction was observed in tinnitus handicap inventory (P = .006), tinnitus questionnaire scores (P = .007), and the visual analog scores (P = .007) compared to the placebo group. There was a significant reduction in Action Potential latency (P = .048) as well as an increase in the amplitude of distortion product otoacoustic emissions at 4 kHz (P = .048).

CONCLUSIONS: The study results indicated a subjective relief of tinnitus as well as some degree of the electrophysiological improvement at the level of the cochlear and the distal portion of the auditory nerve among the subjects who received the acamprosate.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION CODE: IRCT2013121115751N1.

PMID: 32500717 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

PMID:
PubMed:32500717

DATE FOUND:
06/06/20 06:00AM

LINK / URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32500717?dopt=Abstract

High mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio values are associated with idiopathic tinnitus, suggesting the role of vascular pathologies in etiology of tinnitus

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1808869420300641?via%3Dihub

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.05.006

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32571752/

TITLE:
Mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with tinnitus: a case-control study

ALTERNATIVE TITLE:
None

DATE:
Tue, 23 Jun 2020 06:00:00 -0400

AUTHORS:
Selçuk Yildiz,Harun Karaca,Sema Zer Toros

SOURCE:
Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology

DESCRIPTION:

CONCLUSION: High mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio values are associated with idiopathic tinnitus, suggesting the role of vascular pathologies in etiology of tinnitus. Tinnitus may be a sign of underlying systemic or local disorders. Therefore, patients with tinnitus should undergo detailed evaluation including hematological indices.

CONTENT:

Yildiz S, et al. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Different theories have been proposed on the etiology of tinnitus, including metabolic and audiologic causes. We suggest that mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio levels change in tinnitus, indicating microcirculatory disturbance and inflammatory process in the etiopathogenesis of tinnitus.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with tinnitus in comparison to healthy controls.

METHODS: Retrospective case-control study. Two-hundred and eighty-seven patients aged 18-59 years and diagnosed with tinnitus in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic between December 2014 and May 2017 (patient group) and 275 healthy individuals who applied for a hearing screening within the same time period (control group). Demographics, concomitant diseases, laboratory results, and audiometric data were recorded. Mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were the outcome measures. Patients with hearing loss due to presbycusis or another reasons, and patients with anatomical disorders in the external and middle ear were excluded from the study by using physical examinations, pure audio audiometry results and radiological imaging. The upper age limit was set at 59 to exclude presbycusis patients.

RESULTS: The ratio of female patients was higher in patient group than control group (58.5%, n=168 vs. 49.4%, n=127; respectively; p=0.033). The mean age of patient group was significantly higher than those of control group (44.89±10.96 years and 38.37±10.65 years, respectively; p=0.001). The percentage of subjects with high mean platelet volume level was significantly higher in patient group than control group (9.4%, n=27, and 3.1%, n=8 respectively; p=0.008). The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was higher in patients with tinnitus than control group (1.95±1.02 and 1.67±0.57, p=0.012). A neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio level of 2.17 and above is associated with 1.991 times higher risk of tinnitus (odds ratio=1.99, 95% confidence interval 1.31-3.02).

CONCLUSION: High mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio values are associated with idiopathic tinnitus, suggesting the role of vascular pathologies in etiology of tinnitus. Tinnitus may be a sign of underlying systemic or local disorders. Therefore, patients with tinnitus should undergo detailed evaluation including hematological indices.

PMID:32571752 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.05.006

PUBMED ID:
pubmed:32571752

OTHER ID:
pmid:32571752,doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.05.006

PUBLICATION DATE:
Tue, 23 Jun 2020 06:00:00 -0400
2020-06-24

RETRIEVAL DATE :
06/23/20 06:45AM

LINK – PUBMED:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32571752/?utm_source=MS-Office&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1raUxiGThRUW-m52df5Bb_DZzfOiKEExmPo2D4RXGu6sfr6ozK&fc=20200430165258&ff=20200623064542&v=2.9.2

LINK – DOI:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1808869420300641?via%3Dihub

LINK – FULL TEXT:
Pending

NOTES:
None

Improved pure tone sensitivity after simulated hearing loss [Preprint]

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.29.124321v1.full

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.29.124321v1.full.pdf

https://europepmc.org/article/PPR/PPR169520

Patrick Krauss
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.29.124321

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